Synthesis of Organogels Loaded with Biginelli Twins Derived from Vanillin: Antioxidative Potential for Wound and Skin Protection

Abstract

Tetrahydropyrimidines (THPMs), which are made from the Biginelli reaction, have been studied a lot for their possible biological uses, but they have not been considered as low-molecular-weight organogelators (LMOGs). Organogels, formed by combining LMOGs with organic solvents to create self-assembled nanoscale fibers, represent a significant area of study. In this work, a series of symmetrical THPMs starting from vanillic aldehyde were synthesized. Five novel THPMs were isolated, characterized, and evaluated for their gelation properties. Also, the possibility of fine-tuning the rheological properties of the organogel with the addition of a small content (2 wt%) of SiO₂ nanoparticles (average size 7 nm) was investigated, which was achieved. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed that the organogels formed a self-assembling 3D network. This research shows a creative way to use vanillin as a bio-based building block to synthesis THPMs. These THPMs, when added to organogels, make a stable and effective way to deliver antioxidants. Organogels developed in this study present a promising strategy for protecting the skin and promoting wound healing by effectively combating oxidative stress.