Characterization of a Tl₂LaCl₅:Ce Crystal Coupled With a Silicon Photomultiplier for a Compact Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography System

Abstract

The novel Tl2LaCl5:Ce (TLC) crystal scintillator has a high density and effective Z number. Hence, a single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) detector equipped with the scintillator has excellent X-ray and $\gamma $ -ray detection efficiency and a high light yield (LY). The feasibility of utilizing the TLC crystal coupled with a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) was investigated for a compact SPECT detector. The TLC crystal (Ø $8\times 2$ mm) coupled with a one-channel SiPM ( $6.07\times 6.07$ mm2) was used. Electrical characteristics of the SiPM were used for optimizing the operating voltage and dynamic range. The $\gamma $ -rays’ energy spectra of 133 Ba, 241Am, and 152 Eu were obtained. The SiPM outputs were digitized utilizing a data acquisition (DAQ) system. The breakdown voltage of the SiPM was measured to be 24.8 V. The operating voltage was fixed as 29.8 V by comparing energy resolutions for different operating voltages under 81-keV $\gamma $ -ray excitation from a 133Ba radioactive source. The linearity of the SiPM was measured to be within 3.7% for up to 8500 incident photons. Owing to the high LY of the TLC crystal and the dynamic range of SiPM, the best energy resolution of the TLC crystal was achieved to be 8.7% full-width-half-maximum at 121.7-keV $\gamma $ -ray at the voltage of 29.8 V. The TLC crystal coupled with SiPM is expected to be utilized for the development of compact SPECT detectors. It can replace conventional photomultiplier detectors and attain a good image quality, comparable to that of a solid-state detector in the SPECT system.