Multi-objective optimization of the TPMS-Fin three-fluid heat exchanger for vehicles using RSM-NSGA-III

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI:10.1016/j.energy.2025.136462

Xiaofei Wei , Yejian Qian , Yao Li , Mingyao Yao , Duode Qian , Zhen Gong

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A novel TPMS-Fin three-fluid heat exchanger was developed by integrating TPMS with fins. The TPMS enables three isolated flow paths for simultaneous heat exchange between air and two liquid streams, while fins enhance air-side performance. The heat exchanger was fabricated using 3D printing and experimentally tested. A validated CFD model was established, and response surface methodology (RSM) combined with Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm III (NSGA-III) was employed for multi-objective optimization. Five design variables—hydraulic diameter (d), volume fraction (V), fin area percentage (Fs), fin pitch ratio (w) and inlet velocity (u)—were investigated with respect to unit length pressure drop (ΔP/L), volumetric heat transfer rate (Qv) and j/f. The manufacturing and testing parameters were established, including scanning speed of 1400 mm/s and fill area offset of 0.13 mm. The design variables exhibit nonlinear and strongly coupled spatial synergistic effects on the flow and heat transfer performance. Based on NSGA-III and TOPSIS, the optimal design achieved ΔP/L = 2.038 kPa/m, Qv = 2271 kW/m³ and j/f = 0.1032, corresponding to d = 6.11 mm, V = 11.16 %, Fs = 51.06 %, w = 0.16 and u = 4.04 m/s. Compared to the orginal design, Qv and j/f increased by 7.4 % and 6 %, respectively. The results offer insights into variable interactions and support future development of multi-fluid heat exchangers.

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基于RSM-NSGA-III的车用TPMS-Fin三流体换热器多目标优化

将TPMS与翅片相结合，研制了一种新型TPMS-翅片三流体换热器。TPMS能够实现三个独立的流动路径，同时在空气和两个液体流之间进行热交换，而翅片则增强了空气侧性能。采用3D打印技术制作热交换器并进行实验测试。建立了经过验证的CFD模型，采用响应面法（RSM）结合非支配排序遗传算法III （NSGA-III）进行多目标优化。五个设计变量-水力直径(d)，体积分数(V)，翅片面积百分比（Fs），翅片间距比(w)和进口速度(u) -研究了单位长度压降（ΔP/L），体积换热率（Qv）和j/f。建立了扫描速度为1400 mm/s、填充面积偏移量为0.13 mm的制造和测试参数。设计变量对流动和传热性能表现出非线性和强耦合的空间协同效应。基于NSGA-III和TOPSIS，优化设计得到ΔP/L = 2.038 kPa/m, Qv = 2271 kW/m3, j/f = 0.1032，对应d = 6.11 mm, V = 11.16%, Fs = 51.06%, w = 0.16, u = 4.04 m/s。与原设计相比，Qv和j/f分别提高了7.4%和6%。研究结果为研究可变相互作用提供了新的思路，并为未来多流体换热器的发展提供了支持。

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来源期刊

Energy 工程技术-能源与燃料

CiteScore

15.30

自引率

14.40%

发文量

审稿时长

14.2 weeks

期刊介绍： Energy is a multidisciplinary, international journal that publishes research and analysis in the field of energy engineering. Our aim is to become a leading peer-reviewed platform and a trusted source of information for energy-related topics. The journal covers a range of areas including mechanical engineering, thermal sciences, and energy analysis. We are particularly interested in research on energy modelling, prediction, integrated energy systems, planning, and management. Additionally, we welcome papers on energy conservation, efficiency, biomass and bioenergy, renewable energy, electricity supply and demand, energy storage, buildings, and economic and policy issues. These topics should align with our broader multidisciplinary focus.