Research trends in the total cost of ownership for electric vehicles: A systematic literature review

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Energy for Sustainable Development Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI:10.1016/j.esd.2025.101746

Muhammad Indra al Irsyad , Ika Inayah , Reninta Dewi Nugraheni , Andante Hadi Pandyaswargo , Nina Konitat Supriatna , Alloysius Joko Purwanto , Arfie Ikhsan Firmansyah , V. Tri Frebrina Harisetyawan , Yohanes Gunawan , I. Gusti Ngurah Agung Surya Pradipta Negara , Fitria Astuti Firman

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Studies on the total cost of ownership (TCO) of electric vehicles (EVs) have become a crucial topic in academic research. As EVs have gained prominence globally, the volume of research on this subject has increased. However, previous review studies have not focused on examining trends in research that estimates the TCO for all types and technologies of EVs. Thus, our study aims to fill this gap by reviewing global trends and results of TCO studies on EVs. Our review employs the method of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) to systematically collect and analyse 185 articles from 2011 to 2024. The contributions of our review are fourfold. Firstly, we construct a thematic research map to understand which topics are densely connected, thereby highlighting the core themes and focal points of the research field. As a result, future research should focus on reducing the TCO to accelerate EV adoption. Secondly, we show that the most extensively analysed vehicle technologies are battery electric vehicles (BEVs), while passenger cars are the most studied vehicle type. Thirdly, we differentiate the objectives of the TCO studies, identifying motivation gaps among them. We found that the primary objectives of the reviewed studies are TCO comparisons, followed by battery size and powertrain designs, policy scenario analysis, and TCO model developments. Lastly, we provide the range of TCO estimates for different types and technologies of vehicles. The average TCO for BEVs is found to be higher than that for internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) across passenger cars, buses, trucks, and cargo vans. Electric motorcycles, however, buck this trend, with their average TCO being slightly lower than that of conventional motorcycles. Based on the review results, we propose several recommendations for policy implications and future studies.

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电动汽车总拥有成本的研究趋势：系统的文献综述

电动汽车总拥有成本（TCO）的研究已成为学术界研究的一个重要课题。随着电动汽车在全球范围内的突出表现，这一主题的研究数量也在增加。然而，之前的审查研究并没有集中在评估所有类型和技术的电动汽车的TCO的研究趋势上。因此，我们的研究旨在通过回顾电动汽车TCO研究的全球趋势和结果来填补这一空白。我们的综述采用系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）方法，系统地收集和分析了2011年至2024年的185篇文章。我们的综述有四个方面的贡献。首先，我们构建专题研究地图，了解哪些专题之间联系紧密，从而突出研究领域的核心主题和重点。因此，未来的研究应侧重于降低TCO以加速电动汽车的采用。其次，我们表明，分析最广泛的车辆技术是纯电动汽车（bev），而乘用车是研究最多的车辆类型。第三，我们区分了TCO研究的目标，确定了它们之间的动机差距。我们发现，回顾研究的主要目标是TCO比较，其次是电池尺寸和动力总成设计，政策情景分析和TCO模型开发。最后，我们给出了不同类型和技术车辆的TCO估计范围。纯电动汽车（bev）的平均总拥有成本（TCO）高于乘用车、公交车、卡车、货车等内燃机汽车（icev）。然而，电动摩托车与这一趋势相反，其平均TCO略低于传统摩托车。根据检讨结果，我们提出若干政策建议及未来研究建议。

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来源期刊

Energy for Sustainable Development ENERGY & FUELS-ENERGY & FUELS

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

9.10%

发文量

187

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Published on behalf of the International Energy Initiative, Energy for Sustainable Development is the journal for decision makers, managers, consultants, policy makers, planners and researchers in both government and non-government organizations. It publishes original research and reviews about energy in developing countries, sustainable development, energy resources, technologies, policies and interactions.