Fatty acid desaturases in non-photosynthetic bacteria: classification, regulation, and roles in plasma membrane function and cellular homeostasis

IF 3.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI:10.1016/j.bbalip.2025.159630

Ye Tao , Yilin Sun , Yidan Chai , Luminita Duma , Yannick Rossez

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Abstract

Fatty acid desaturases are key enzymes that catalyze the desaturation of acyl lipid chains by regioselectively introducing double bonds into saturated or pre-existing alkene fatty acids to produce unsaturated fatty acids. While extensive studies have focused on desaturases in higher organisms, research on these enzymes in non-photosynthetic bacteria remains limited, largely due to insufficient structural and functional data. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the structural features and catalytic mechanisms of desaturases in non-photosynthetic bacteria, shedding light on the sophisticated regulatory strategies underlying unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. In addition, factors influencing desaturase activity are presented and analyzed. This comprehensive review provides insights into bacterial homeostatic adaptation to environmental changes and highlights potential applications in nutraceutical development and therapeutic target identification.

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非光合细菌中的脂肪酸去饱和酶：分类、调节及其在质膜功能和细胞稳态中的作用

脂肪酸去饱和酶是催化酰基脂链去饱和的关键酶，它通过在饱和或已存在的烯烃脂肪酸中选择性地引入双键来产生不饱和脂肪酸。虽然大量的研究集中在高等生物中的去饱和酶，但对非光合细菌中这些酶的研究仍然有限，主要是由于结构和功能数据不足。本文综述了非光合细菌中去饱和酶的结构特征和催化机制，揭示了不饱和脂肪酸生物合成的复杂调控策略。并对影响去饱和酶活性的因素进行了分析。这篇全面的综述提供了细菌对环境变化的稳态适应的见解，并强调了在营养品开发和治疗靶点识别方面的潜在应用。

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来源期刊

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

11.00

自引率

2.10%

发文量

109

审稿时长

53 days

期刊介绍： BBA Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids publishes papers on original research dealing with novel aspects of molecular genetics related to the lipidome, the biosynthesis of lipids, the role of lipids in cells and whole organisms, the regulation of lipid metabolism and function, and lipidomics in all organisms. Manuscripts should significantly advance the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying biological processes in which lipids are involved. Papers detailing novel methodology must report significant biochemical, molecular, or functional insight in the area of lipids.