Parametric analysis and multi-objective optimization of novel desalination-cooling system based on m-cycle and Humidification-Dehumidification desalination technology (HDH)

Abstract

The Maisotsenko Cycle (M−Cycle), recognized for its capability in air conditioning and delivering saturated air in conjunction with humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination technology, presents a viable solution for water desalination by leveraging atmospheric moisture. These features make it an attractive option for simultaneous cooling and freshwater production, gaining significant attention in recent research. Given the diverse parameters influencing the performance of the M−Cycle and HDH technology, optimizing the critical variables affecting their efficiency is imperative. This study models a hybrid system integrating the M−Cycle as a supplier of saturated air into an open-air, open-water HDH desalination system, combined with a compression refrigeration cycle functioning as a heat exchanger for hot water. The system also incorporates a finned plate solar air heater (FPSAH) to preheat the air. The integrated system undergoes comprehensive energy, exergy, and exergy-economic analyses. Key parameters, including ambient air temperature, relative humidity, water-to-air ratio, the performance coefficient of the moisture-adsorbing chamber, moisture extraction efficiency, and the outlet water temperature from the heat exchanger, are evaluated for their impact on system performance metrics such as efficiency, coefficient of performance (COP), exergy destruction, and associated costs. A multi-objective optimization employing the TOPSIS method is conducted to determine the optimal dimensions of the air passage channel in the M−Cycle. Additionally, the outlet temperature of the heat exchanger and the water-to-air ratio, as critical variables influencing system performance, are further optimized. The optimization reveals that the optimal dimensions for the air passage channel are a length of 68 cm and a height of 1.98 m. Furthermore, the ideal outlet temperature of the heat exchanger and the water-to-air ratio are identified as 52.59 °C and 2.2, respectively. The analysis indicates that the M−Cycle contributes the highest exergy destruction within the system, highlighting its role in determining overall system performance.