Resistance mechanisms in Oryza species against Meloidogyne graminicola: Insights into nematode penetration and reproduction

IF 2.8 3区农林科学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI:10.1016/j.pmpp.2025.102733

M. Themuhi , Debanand Das , B. Rajeshwaran , Mateti Gayithri , K. Narmadha

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The present study was conducted to understand the resistance mechanisms of various Oryza species against Meloidogyne graminicola, focusing on nematode penetration, development, reproduction, and biochemical responses. Resistant (Oryza glaberrima: IR 101800, IR 102226 and IR 102336), moderately resistant (O. rufipogon (local germplasm) and O. sativa: var. Sonjul Bao), and susceptible (O. sativa: var. Luit and Bina Dhan 11) germplasm/varieties were considered for these studies. Nematode penetration was significantly delayed in resistant germplasm, initiating at 4 days after inoculation (DAI), compared to 12 h in susceptible varieties. At 28 DAI, resistant germplasm shelter fewer juveniles and produced fewer galls (6–9/plant); compared to the susceptible rice variety Luit (22 galls/plant). The phenolic compound accumulation was increased resulting in enhanced defence enzyme activity in resistant germplasm. Total phenol content peaked at 14 DAI, with O. glaberrima (IR 102226) showing the highest levels (153.1 μg GA/g fresh weight) compared to Luit (87.6 μg GA/g). Enzymatic activity was elevated in resistant germplasm, with IR 102226 recording 8.8 U/g peroxidase (PO), 72.4 U/g polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and 120.8 U/g phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) at 14 DAI, significantly outperforming the susceptible check. Principal component analysis demonstrated strong correlations between elevated phenolic content, enzyme activity, and nematode resistance. These findings underscore the pivotal role of biochemical defences in delaying nematode development and reproduction in resistant germplasm. O. glaberrima (IR 102226) exhibiting robust pre- and post-infectional resistance is a valuable genetic resource for breeding programs targeting sustainable M. graminicola management.

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稻属植物对谷草曲线虫的抗性机制：线虫渗透和繁殖的研究

本研究主要从线虫的渗透、发育、繁殖和生化反应等方面了解不同水稻品种对禾本科曲线虫（Meloidogyne graminicola）抗性机制。研究对象包括抗性（Oryza glaberrima: IR 101800、IR 102226和IR 102336）、中等抗性（O. rufipogon（本地种质）和sativa: var. Sonjul Bao）和敏感（O. Luit和Bina Dhan 11）种质/品种。在抗性种质中，线虫的渗透明显延迟，在接种后4天开始，而在敏感品种中则为12小时。在28 DAI时，抗性种质庇护较少的幼虫，产生较少的瘿（6-9个/株）；与易感水稻品种Luit（22瘿/株）相比。抗性种质中酚类化合物积累增加，防御酶活性增强。总酚含量在14 DAI时达到峰值，光山梨（IR 102226）的含量最高（153.1 μ GA/g鲜重），而光山梨（87.6 μ GA/g鲜重）的含量最高。抗性种质酶活性显著提高，IR 102226在14 DAI记录8.8 U/g过氧化物酶（PO）、72.4 U/g多酚氧化酶（PPO）和120.8 U/g苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL），显著优于敏感检测。主成分分析表明，酚含量升高、酶活性和线虫抗性之间存在很强的相关性。这些发现强调了生化防御在延缓线虫在抗性种质中的发育和繁殖中的关键作用。glaberrima （IR 102226）表现出强大的感染前和感染后抗性，是一种有价值的遗传资源，可用于针对可持续禾草分枝杆菌管理的育种计划。

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来源期刊

Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 生物-植物科学

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

7.40%

发文量

130

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology provides an International forum for original research papers, reviews, and commentaries on all aspects of the molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, histology and cytology, genetics and evolution of plant-microbe interactions. Papers on all kinds of infective pathogen, including viruses, prokaryotes, fungi, and nematodes, as well as mutualistic organisms such as Rhizobium and mycorrhyzal fungi, are acceptable as long as they have a bearing on the interaction between pathogen and plant.