Integration of ITO with polyaniline for scalable smart aptasensing interface design: Towards a rainbow assay of Carbamazepine by green Apta-Chip

IF 5.7 2区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Analytica Chimica Acta Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI:10.1016/j.aca.2025.344187

Maliheh Arhami , Alireza Asghari , Faezeh Shahdost-Fard , Maryam Rajabi

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Abstract

Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an FDA-approved drug for controlling abnormal nerve impulses in the nervous system and brain. Despite the advantages, its overdose causes suicide cases. Close dosage monitoring of CBZ without complex equipment is essential to guarantee its safety and effectiveness from a medicolegal view. This study introduces a novel technology in fabricating the advanced aptasensing interface as the multi-mode Apta-Chip for the electrochemical and visual detection of the CBZ drug in human biofluids based on the green analytical chemistry (GCA) principles. The cornerstone of this study is the integration of the unique electrochromic behavior of polyaniline (PANI) as the sensing platform that undergoes an electric-induced change in coloration and excellent properties of the aptamer (Apt) sequence as the highly selective bioreceptor to CBZ. The molecular dynamic (MD) simulation investigation confirms the conformation changes of the Apt sequence upon incubating CBZ to trap it. The current decrease and resistance increase of the Apta-Chip surface induced by the CBZ/Apt complex forming provides an electrochemical measurement of CBZ by a linear dynamic range (LDR) value from 1 fM to 900 nM and a limit of detection (LOD) value of 333.33 aM. Additionally, different oxidation degrees of PANI in the presence of varying concentrations of CBZ provide a rainbow color switching of the Apta-Chip surface from dark blue to green and yellow colors, corresponding to low, medium and high concentrations, respectively. The utilizing safe and biocompatible chemicals, the unique platform with scalable and miniature size as well as user-friendliness methodology in the high selective Apta-Chip fabrication not only guarantee its applicability as the clinical point of care (PoC) device but also offer promising directions that pave the way for progress in other visual home kits for the assay of various analytes.

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集成ITO和聚苯胺的可扩展智能aptas传感界面设计：绿色apta芯片对卡马西平的彩虹检测

卡马西平（CBZ）是一种fda批准的药物，用于控制神经系统和大脑中的异常神经冲动。尽管有这些优点，但过量服用会导致自杀。从医学的角度来看，无复杂设备的密切剂量监测是保证其安全性和有效性的必要条件。本文介绍了一种基于绿色分析化学（GCA）原理制作先进的aptassensing界面作为多模apta芯片的新技术，用于人体生物体液中CBZ药物的电化学和视觉检测。本研究的基础是整合聚苯胺（PANI）独特的电致变色行为，作为经历电诱导颜色变化的传感平台，以及适体（Apt）序列作为CBZ高选择性生物受体的优异特性。分子动力学（MD）模拟研究证实了在CBZ孵育后Apt序列的构象变化。CBZ/Apt络合物形成引起的Apta-Chip表面电流减小和电阻增加提供了CBZ的电化学测量，线性动态范围（LDR）值为1 fM ~ 900 nM，检测限（LOD）值为333.33 aM。此外，在不同浓度的CBZ存在下，PANI的不同氧化程度提供了Apta-Chip表面从深蓝色到绿色和黄色的彩虹色切换，分别对应于低、中、高浓度。在高选择性Apta-Chip制造中，利用安全和生物相容性的化学物质，具有可扩展和微型尺寸的独特平台以及用户友好的方法，不仅保证了其作为临床护理点（PoC）设备的适用性，而且还提供了有希望的方向，为其他用于各种分析物测定的可视化家庭试剂盒的进展铺平了道路。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Analytica Chimica Acta 化学-分析化学

CiteScore

10.40

自引率

6.50%

发文量

1081

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Analytica Chimica Acta has an open access mirror journal Analytica Chimica Acta: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. Analytica Chimica Acta provides a forum for the rapid publication of original research, and critical, comprehensive reviews dealing with all aspects of fundamental and applied modern analytical chemistry. The journal welcomes the submission of research papers which report studies concerning the development of new and significant analytical methodologies. In determining the suitability of submitted articles for publication, particular scrutiny will be placed on the degree of novelty and impact of the research and the extent to which it adds to the existing body of knowledge in analytical chemistry.