Flow and heat transfer characteristics of CNTs-enhanced water-based hybrid nanofluid flow on a stretching surface

Abstract

This study discusses numerically the gyrating flow of a hybrid nanofluid comprising carbon nanotube nanoparticles on a stretched sheet employing a porous medium. To create a hybrid nanofluid mixture, single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotube nanoparticles are mixed with water. The sheet’s surface is subject to velocity slip and convective conditions. The effects of Joule heating, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and viscous dissipation have been used. The model is shown as PDEs, which are subsequently rehabilitated to ODEs using similarity variables. As the outcome of this study, a greater magnetic factor escalates the velocity panel along the secondary direction and heat profile while decreasing the primary velocity. Higher nanoparticle volume fractions improve the thermal profile while declining the velocity profiles along the primary and secondary directions. Both the primary and secondary velocity distributions decrease in response to the increased rotation and velocity slip factors. The temperature distribution is enhanced with the heat source factor, thermal radiation factor, Eckert, and thermal Biot numbers. The Schmidt number has reduced the concentration panels, whereas the concentration Biot number improved the concentration distribution.