Manipulating electrochemical phosphate recovery from acidic wastewater for synthesizing LiFePO4/C cathode material

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2025.123839

Bingnan Song , Wei Chen , Ying Pu , Weiquan Li , Zhengshuo Zhan , Haisheng Fang , Yang Lei

{"title":"Manipulating electrochemical phosphate recovery from acidic wastewater for synthesizing LiFePO4/C cathode material","authors":"Bingnan Song , Wei Chen , Ying Pu , Weiquan Li , Zhengshuo Zhan , Haisheng Fang , Yang Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2025.123839","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphorus (P) recovery from wastewater offers a sustainable solution for mitigating pollution and securing resources for applications like lithium-ion batteries, where ferric phosphate is a valuable precursor. This study evaluates iron electrolysis for P removal and recovery from acidic wastewater with high phosphate concentrations and medium Ca²⁺ levels. The results suggested that effective P removal and high-purity iron phosphate production can be achieved by varying initial pH, current density, and oxidation conditions. Importantly, slow Fe release rates (0.02–0.04 mmol L⁻¹ min⁻¹) favored ferric phosphate formation (71%–77% removal), while faster rates (0.16–0.46 mmol L⁻¹ min⁻¹) predominantly produced vivianite (∼ 65% removal). In addition, air flush can enhance dissolved oxygen flux, achieving 89% P removal under rapid Fe release but with mixed products. H₂O₂ addition improved <em>in situ</em> Fe(II) oxidation, achieving 92% P removal and purer ferric phosphate. Compared to chemical precipitation, which required pH adjustment and suffered from Ca co-precipitation, iron electrolysis produced purer ferric phosphate directly, without pH pre-adjustment. The recovered ferric phosphate showed excellent potential as a precursor for high-performance LiFePO₄/C cathode material. These findings position iron electrolysis as a promising approach for sustainable P recovery and resource valorization from wastewater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 123839"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Water Research","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004313542500747X","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) recovery from wastewater offers a sustainable solution for mitigating pollution and securing resources for applications like lithium-ion batteries, where ferric phosphate is a valuable precursor. This study evaluates iron electrolysis for P removal and recovery from acidic wastewater with high phosphate concentrations and medium Ca²⁺ levels. The results suggested that effective P removal and high-purity iron phosphate production can be achieved by varying initial pH, current density, and oxidation conditions. Importantly, slow Fe release rates (0.02–0.04 mmol L⁻¹ min⁻¹) favored ferric phosphate formation (71%–77% removal), while faster rates (0.16–0.46 mmol L⁻¹ min⁻¹) predominantly produced vivianite (∼ 65% removal). In addition, air flush can enhance dissolved oxygen flux, achieving 89% P removal under rapid Fe release but with mixed products. H₂O₂ addition improved in situ Fe(II) oxidation, achieving 92% P removal and purer ferric phosphate. Compared to chemical precipitation, which required pH adjustment and suffered from Ca co-precipitation, iron electrolysis produced purer ferric phosphate directly, without pH pre-adjustment. The recovered ferric phosphate showed excellent potential as a precursor for high-performance LiFePO₄/C cathode material. These findings position iron electrolysis as a promising approach for sustainable P recovery and resource valorization from wastewater.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

控制酸性废水中磷酸的电化学回收合成LiFePO4/C正极材料

从废水中回收磷(P)为减轻污染和确保锂离子电池等应用的资源提供了可持续的解决方案，其中磷酸铁是一种有价值的前体。本研究评价了铁电解法在高磷酸盐、中等Ca 2 +水平的酸性废水中除磷和回收的效果。结果表明，通过改变初始pH、电流密度和氧化条件，可以实现有效的除磷和高纯度磷酸铁的生产。重要的是，较慢的铁释放速度（0.02-0.04 mmol L - 1分钟⁻（71 - 77%））有利于形成磷酸铁（71 - 77%），而较快的铁释放速度（0.16-0.46 mmol L - 1分钟⁻（1 - 65%））则主要产生绿铜矿（1 - 65%）。此外，空气冲洗可以提高溶解氧通量，在快速释放铁但混合产物的情况下，可达到89%的P去除率。h2o的加入改善了原位Fe（II）氧化，达到92%的P去除率和更纯的磷酸铁。与化学沉淀法需要调整pH值，且存在Ca共沉淀的问题相比，铁电解法不需要预先调整pH值，直接生成了纯度更高的磷酸铁。回收的磷酸铁作为高性能lifepo4 /C正极材料的前驱体具有良好的潜力。这些发现表明铁电解是一种有前途的可持续磷回收和废水资源增值的方法。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Water Research 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1307

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include: •Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management; •Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure; •Drinking water treatment and distribution; •Potable and non-potable water reuse; •Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment; •Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions; •Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment; •Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution; •Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation; •Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts; •Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle; •Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.