E L Anquillare, F Yang, L Kao, X Feng, V Altoe, V Jovic, D Goodacre, Y Liu, L H Doerrer, J Guo, K E Smith
{"title":"An unexpectedly shrunken bandgap in V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>nanoparticles.","authors":"E L Anquillare, F Yang, L Kao, X Feng, V Altoe, V Jovic, D Goodacre, Y Liu, L H Doerrer, J Guo, K E Smith","doi":"10.1088/1361-648X/add63c","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synchrotron x-ray spectroscopy was employed to determine the effects of nanostructuring on electronic band structure in V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, a promising cathode material and widely used catalyst. V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>nanoparticle and bulk powders were characterized via P-XRD, electron microscopy, and diffuse reflectance ultraviolet/visible/near-infrared spectroscopy to confirm the optical bandgap. X-ray emission spectroscopy revealed the nanoparticle valence band O 2<i>p</i>states to be upshifted relative to the bulk, while x-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering showed the lowest V 3<i>d</i>conduction band states to be static. Together, these changes (in conjunction with an increased density of unoccupied lower conduction band states) produce a shrunken bandgap in the V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>nanoparticles that defies the Burstein-Moss effect. Changes in nanoparticle band structure are generally attributed to oxygen vacancy defects. While nanostructure bandgap reduction is in line with much previous computational work, it is unexpected from most previous experimental results. To our knowledge, this is the first synchrotron x-ray spectroscopy study of a shrunken bandgap achieved in pure V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":16776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/add63c","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Synchrotron x-ray spectroscopy was employed to determine the effects of nanostructuring on electronic band structure in V2O5, a promising cathode material and widely used catalyst. V2O5nanoparticle and bulk powders were characterized via P-XRD, electron microscopy, and diffuse reflectance ultraviolet/visible/near-infrared spectroscopy to confirm the optical bandgap. X-ray emission spectroscopy revealed the nanoparticle valence band O 2pstates to be upshifted relative to the bulk, while x-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering showed the lowest V 3dconduction band states to be static. Together, these changes (in conjunction with an increased density of unoccupied lower conduction band states) produce a shrunken bandgap in the V2O5nanoparticles that defies the Burstein-Moss effect. Changes in nanoparticle band structure are generally attributed to oxygen vacancy defects. While nanostructure bandgap reduction is in line with much previous computational work, it is unexpected from most previous experimental results. To our knowledge, this is the first synchrotron x-ray spectroscopy study of a shrunken bandgap achieved in pure V2O5nanoparticles.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter covers the whole of condensed matter physics including soft condensed matter and nanostructures. Papers may report experimental, theoretical and simulation studies. Note that papers must contain fundamental condensed matter science: papers reporting methods of materials preparation or properties of materials without novel condensed matter content will not be accepted.