The influence of respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis on allergic sensitisation in children with respiratory allergy.

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI:10.1016/j.jmii.2025.04.007

Li-Ching Fang, Jen-Yu Wang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection may induce asthma and allergic sensitisation. RSV immunoprophylaxis can reduce the severity of RSV infections. However, the effects of RSV immunoprophylaxis on allergic sensitisation remains unclear. We aimed to explore effects of palivizumab, an anti-RSV monoclonal antibody on subsequent IgE sensitisation in preterm children aged ≤18 years with asthma or allergic rhinitis.

Methods: This retrospective study included 854 preterm children who were followed up and diagnosed with asthma or allergic rhinitis before 18 years old from January 1999 to December 2020. Binary logistic regression was used to investigate effects of palivizumab on the development of IgE sensitisation to aeroallergens or food allergens; the model was adjusted for birth weight, gestational age, foetal growth, sex, and delivery method.

Results: Palivizumab could decrease risks of aeroallergen sensitisation until 18 years of age, (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.34, 95 % CI 0.17-0.67, p = 0.002) and as well as in those 7 and 12 years of age. Children receiving palivizumab prophylaxis had lower total sIgE levels (p < 0.001) and eosinophil counts (p = 0.038) than those without prophylaxis. Among asthmatic children, those receiving palivizumab had a shorter duration of active asthma (p < 0.001). In allergic rhinitis population, palivizumab prophylaxis required fewer intranasal corticosteroid (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: In preterm children with asthma or allergic rhinitis, early palivizumab prophylaxis may protect against future aeroallergen sensitisation before adulthood. Palivizumab prophylaxis could also decrease the duration of active asthma in asthmatic children and intranasal corticosteroid prescriptions in allergic rhinitis population.

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呼吸道合胞病毒免疫预防对呼吸道变态反应患儿过敏致敏的影响。

背景：呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）感染可诱发哮喘和过敏性致敏。RSV免疫预防可以降低RSV感染的严重程度。然而，RSV免疫预防对过敏致敏的影响尚不清楚。我们旨在探讨抗rsv单克隆抗体palvizumab对≤18岁哮喘或变应性鼻炎早产儿后续IgE致敏的影响。方法：回顾性研究纳入1999年1月至2020年12月随访并诊断为18岁前哮喘或过敏性鼻炎的早产儿854例。采用二元logistic回归研究帕利珠单抗对空气过敏原或食物过敏原的IgE致敏发展的影响；该模型根据出生体重、胎龄、胎儿生长、性别和分娩方式进行了调整。结果：帕利珠单抗可以降低空气过敏原致敏的风险，直到18岁（调整优势比（aOR） 0.34, 95% CI 0.17-0.67, p = 0.002），以及7岁和12岁。结论：在患有哮喘或变应性鼻炎的早产儿中，早期的帕利珠单抗预防可能会在成年前防止未来的空气过敏原致敏。帕利珠单抗预防也可以减少哮喘儿童的活动性哮喘持续时间和变应性鼻炎人群的鼻内皮质类固醇处方。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection IMMUNOLOGY-INFECTIOUS DISEASES

CiteScore

15.90

自引率

5.40%

发文量

159

审稿时长

67 days

期刊介绍： Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection is an open access journal, committed to disseminating information on the latest trends and advances in microbiology, immunology, infectious diseases and parasitology. Article types considered include perspectives, review articles, original articles, brief reports and correspondence. With the aim of promoting effective and accurate scientific information, an expert panel of referees constitutes the backbone of the peer-review process in evaluating the quality and content of manuscripts submitted for publication.