The genetic basis of male and female infertility.

IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q3 ANDROLOGY
Dimitrios Ioannou, Helen G Tempest
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This review provides a comprehensive overview of the genetic factors underlying male and female infertility. Infertility affects an estimated one in six couples worldwide, with both male and female factors contributing equally to its prevalence. Approximately, 50% of infertility cases are attributed to genetic causes. We explore three main categories of genetic causes: chromosomal abnormalities, monogenic disorders, and syndromic conditions. Chromosomal causes, including numerical and structural aberrations, are discussed with a focus on their impact on gametogenesis and reproductive outcomes. We review key monogenic causes of infertility, highlighting recent discoveries in genes critical for gonadal development, gametogenesis, and hormonal regulation. Syndromic conditions affecting fertility are examined, highlighting their impact on reproductive function. Throughout the review, we address the challenges in identifying genetic mechanisms of infertility, particularly focusing on the intricate processes involved in oogenesis and spermatogenesis. We also discuss how advancements in genetic testing, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS) and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), have significantly enhanced our understanding of idiopathic infertility and promise further insights in the future. We also discuss the clinical implications of genetic diagnoses, including the role of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) and genetic counseling in reproductive medicine. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the genetic basis of infertility, providing a comprehensive overview of chromosomal, monogenic, and syndromic causes. It aims to offer readers a solid foundation for understanding the complex genetic factors underlying reproductive disorders.

男性和女性不育的遗传基础。
本文综述了男性和女性不育症的遗传因素。据估计,全世界有六分之一的夫妇受到不孕症的影响,男性和女性因素对其发病率的影响是相同的。大约50%的不孕症病例归因于遗传原因。我们探讨三个主要类别的遗传原因:染色体异常,单基因疾病和综合征条件。染色体原因,包括数字和结构畸变,重点讨论了它们对配子发生和生殖结果的影响。我们回顾了不育的主要单基因原因,重点介绍了对性腺发育、配子发生和激素调节至关重要的基因的最新发现。检查影响生育的综合症,突出其对生殖功能的影响。在整个综述中,我们解决了在确定不孕症的遗传机制方面的挑战,特别是关注涉及卵子发生和精子发生的复杂过程。我们还讨论了基因检测的进步,如下一代测序(NGS)和全基因组关联研究(GWAS),如何显著提高我们对特发性不孕症的理解,并承诺在未来进一步深入了解。我们还讨论了遗传诊断的临床意义,包括胚胎植入前基因检测(PGT)和遗传咨询在生殖医学中的作用。这篇综述综合了目前关于不孕症的遗传基础知识,提供了染色体、单基因和综合征原因的全面概述。它的目的是为读者提供一个坚实的基础,了解复杂的遗传因素潜在的生殖障碍。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
4.20%
发文量
27
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine, SBiRM, publishes Research Articles, Communications, Applications Notes that include protocols a Clinical Corner that includes case reports, Review Articles and Hypotheses and Letters to the Editor on human and animal reproduction. The journal will highlight the use of systems approaches including genomic, cellular, proteomic, metabolomic, bioinformatic, molecular, and biochemical, to address fundamental questions in reproductive biology, reproductive medicine, and translational research. The journal publishes research involving human and animal gametes, stem cells, developmental biology and toxicology, and clinical care in reproductive medicine. Specific areas of interest to the journal include: male factor infertility and germ cell biology, reproductive technologies (gamete micro-manipulation and cryopreservation, in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer (IVF/ET) and contraception. Research that is directed towards developing new or enhanced technologies for clinical medicine or scientific research in reproduction is of significant interest to the journal.
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