{"title":"Insight elements of mathematical problem solving in generally gifted and mathematical experts: ERP amplitudes in PO electrodes.","authors":"Ilana Waisman, Roza Leikin, Mark Leikin","doi":"10.3389/fnint.2025.1523334","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>School mathematics mainly embraces algorithmic problem solving, pays less attention to strategic reasoning, and rarely contains insightful problem solving. Based on our previous research, we hypothesize that success in solving insight problems correlates strongly with general giftedness, while mathematical expertise is essential for strategy-based problem solving. Furthermore, we employ a phenomenon of greater ERP amplitudes in PO4/8 electrodes associated with insightful problem solving. In this study, 114 high school students (aged 16-18) with varying degrees of general giftedness and mathematical expertise were asked to solve mathematical problem of three distinct type: (1) function problems, whose solutions are memory-based; (2) area problems that necessitate strategic thinking; and (3) insight problems, that necessitate insight for their resolution. The problem solving process was accompanied by ERP recording. We demonstrate that variations in accuracy of solutions and reaction time for correct responses between tasks are influenced by students' general giftedness and mathematical expertise. Our ERP analyses partly supported our hypotheses regarding the relationship between PO electrode activation, insight-based problem solving processes, and participants' levels of giftedness and mathematical expertise.</p>","PeriodicalId":56016,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience","volume":"19 ","pages":"1523334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006039/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnint.2025.1523334","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
School mathematics mainly embraces algorithmic problem solving, pays less attention to strategic reasoning, and rarely contains insightful problem solving. Based on our previous research, we hypothesize that success in solving insight problems correlates strongly with general giftedness, while mathematical expertise is essential for strategy-based problem solving. Furthermore, we employ a phenomenon of greater ERP amplitudes in PO4/8 electrodes associated with insightful problem solving. In this study, 114 high school students (aged 16-18) with varying degrees of general giftedness and mathematical expertise were asked to solve mathematical problem of three distinct type: (1) function problems, whose solutions are memory-based; (2) area problems that necessitate strategic thinking; and (3) insight problems, that necessitate insight for their resolution. The problem solving process was accompanied by ERP recording. We demonstrate that variations in accuracy of solutions and reaction time for correct responses between tasks are influenced by students' general giftedness and mathematical expertise. Our ERP analyses partly supported our hypotheses regarding the relationship between PO electrode activation, insight-based problem solving processes, and participants' levels of giftedness and mathematical expertise.
期刊介绍：
Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research that synthesizes multiple facets of brain structure and function, to better understand how multiple diverse functions are integrated to produce complex behaviors. Led by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts, this multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.
Our goal is to publish research related to furthering the understanding of the integrative mechanisms underlying brain functioning across one or more interacting levels of neural organization. In most real life experiences, sensory inputs from several modalities converge and interact in a manner that influences perception and actions generating purposeful and social behaviors. The journal is therefore focused on the primary questions of how multiple sensory, cognitive and emotional processes merge to produce coordinated complex behavior. It is questions such as this that cannot be answered at a single level – an ion channel, a neuron or a synapse – that we wish to focus on. In Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience we welcome in vitro or in vivo investigations across the molecular, cellular, and systems and behavioral level. Research in any species and at any stage of development and aging that are focused at understanding integration mechanisms underlying emergent properties of the brain and behavior are welcome.
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