The Prevalence and Prognostic Impact of Cancer Cachexia on Overall Survival in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Nutrition and Cancer-An International Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-16 DOI:10.1080/01635581.2025.2492126

Heng Zhang, Yueshi Zhang, Xuan Tang, Shiqi Zhang, Changfeng Man, Dandan Gong, Yu Fan

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Abstract

Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by progressive weight loss, predominantly due to the depletion of skeletal muscle mass and adipose tissue. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of cancer cachexia on overall survival in patients with gastrointestinal cancers. Two independent investigators conducted a systematic literature search across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Eligible studies included cohort studies and post hoc analyses of clinical trials that examined the association between cancer cachexia and overall survival in gastrointestinal cancer patients. A total of 22 studies involving 10,480 patients were included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of cachexia among gastrointestinal cancer patients was 50% (95% confidence interval [CI] 41-59). Meta-analysis demonstrated that cancer cachexia was significantly associated with reduced overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 1.50; 95% CI 1.35-1.68). Subgroup analyses further confirmed that cancer cachexia remained a robust predictor of poorer survival, irrespective of study design, gastrointestinal cancer subtype, patients' age, country of origin, tumor stage, cachexia definition, or follow-up duration. These findings indicate that cancer cachexia is highly prevalent among gastrointestinal cancer patients and serves as a significant independent predictor of shortened overall survival.

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恶性恶病质对胃肠道肿瘤患者总体生存的影响：荟萃分析

癌症恶病质是一种以进行性体重减轻为特征的多因素综合征，主要是由于骨骼肌和脂肪组织的消耗。本荟萃分析旨在评估癌症恶病质对胃肠道癌症患者总生存率的预后影响。两位独立调查人员对PubMed、Embase和Web of Science进行了系统的文献检索。符合条件的研究包括队列研究和临床试验的事后分析，这些研究检查了胃肠道癌症患者癌症恶病质与总生存率之间的关系。共有22项研究涉及10480名患者纳入分析。胃肠道肿瘤患者恶病质的总患病率为50%（95%可信区间[CI] 41-59）。荟萃分析显示，癌症恶病质与总生存率降低显著相关(风险比[HR] 1.50；95% ci 1.35-1.68)。亚组分析进一步证实，无论研究设计、胃肠道癌症亚型、患者年龄、原产国、肿瘤分期、恶病质定义或随访时间如何，癌症恶病质仍然是较差生存率的有力预测因子。这些发现表明，癌症恶病质在胃肠道癌症患者中非常普遍，并且是缩短总生存期的重要独立预测因子。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nutrition and Cancer-An International Journal 医学-营养学

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

3.40%

发文量

172

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： This timely publication reports and reviews current findings on the effects of nutrition on the etiology, therapy, and prevention of cancer. Etiological issues include clinical and experimental research in nutrition, carcinogenesis, epidemiology, biochemistry, and molecular biology. Coverage of therapy focuses on research in clinical nutrition and oncology, dietetics, and bioengineering. Prevention approaches include public health recommendations, preventative medicine, behavior modification, education, functional foods, and agricultural and food production policies.