Development of Brassica rapa-nigra monosomic alien addition lines: cytology, genetics, and morphology.

IF 4.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Theoretical and Applied Genetics Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI:10.1007/s00122-025-04899-8

Pengfei Li, Haiyan Wu, Shizhen Guo, Shunlin Wang, Mimi Zhang, Mengyang Liu, Wei Ma, Jianjun Zhao, Chen Tan, Cheng Cui, Xianhong Ge, Zaiyun Li

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Abstract

Key message: Brassica rapa-nigra monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) were developed and compared with B. oleracea-nigra MAALs containing the same B-genome chromosomes. The diploid Brassica nigra (black mustard) is the donor of the B-genome for two allotetraploids: B. juncea (AABB) and B. carinata (BBCC). To dissect the B-genome of B. nigra within the A-genome background of B. rapa, the progenies of resynthesized B. juncea, successively pollinated by the parental B. rapa, were screened using cytological methods and molecular markers. Seven out of eight B. rapa-nigra MAALs (2n = 21, AA + 1B_1-8) were obtained, except for the AA-B6 MAAL. The additional chromosome appeared as one univalent in 86.76% of pollen mother cells and formed one trivalent with two A-genome chromosomes in 13.24% of cells. Different alien B-genome chromosomes were transmitted to progeny at varying rates, with higher transmission rates via female gametes (averaging 13.59%) than via male gametes (7.31%). These MAALs exhibited significant phenotypic variations which were either of parental origins or novel traits, and chromosomal locations of some traits from B. nigra or genetic interactions were realized from the joint results of B. rapa-nigra and B. oleracea-nigra MAALs with the same additional B-subgenome chromosomes. Comparison analyses of these two sets of MAALs provided new insights into the genetic interplay of the B-genome with A- and C-genomes in these two allotetraploids.

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黑花芸苔单体外源附加系的发育：细胞学、遗传学和形态学。

研究了油菜-黑油菜单体外源附加系（MAALs），并与含有相同b基因组染色体的油菜-黑油菜单体外源附加系（MAALs）进行了比较。二倍体黑芥菜（Brassica nigra）是两个异源四倍体：B. juncea （AABB）和B. carinata （BBCC）的b基因组供体。为了在rapa的a基因组背景下解剖黑螺旋藻的b基因组，利用细胞学方法和分子标记技术筛选了依次由亲本rapa授粉的重新合成的juncea子代。8个B. rapa-nigra MAAL中有7个（2n = 21, AA + 1B1-8），除AA- b6 MAAL外。在86.76%的花粉母细胞中，附加染色体为一条单价染色体，在13.24%的细胞中，附加染色体形成一条三价染色体和两条a基因组染色体。不同外源b基因组染色体的传代率不同，雌性配子传代率（平均13.59%）高于雄性配子传代率（7.31%）。这些MAALs表现出明显的亲本来源或新性状的表型变异，其中一些性状的染色体定位或遗传相互作用是由具有相同附加b亚基因组染色体的黑鲈和黑鲈MAALs的共同结果实现的。这两组MAALs的比较分析为这两种异源四倍体中b基因组与A基因组和c基因组的遗传相互作用提供了新的见解。

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来源期刊

Theoretical and Applied Genetics 生物-农艺学

CiteScore

9.60

自引率

7.40%

发文量

241

审稿时长

2.3 months

期刊介绍： Theoretical and Applied Genetics publishes original research and review articles in all key areas of modern plant genetics, plant genomics and plant biotechnology. All work needs to have a clear genetic component and significant impact on plant breeding. Theoretical considerations are only accepted in combination with new experimental data and/or if they indicate a relevant application in plant genetics or breeding. Emphasizing the practical, the journal focuses on research into leading crop plants and articles presenting innovative approaches.