Human papillomavirus vaccination: if the vaccine is important and available, why not use it?

Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) Pub Date : 2025-05-02 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1590/1806-9282.20240865

Georgiana Sousa Freire, Carolina Lavacchini Ramunno Amaral, Juliana Jorge Romano, Camila Bussamra Aulicino, Cláudia Vaz de Melo Sette, Juliana Vieira Biason Bonometto, Jean Henri Maselli-Schoueri, Luiz Vinicius de Alcantara Sousa, Auro Del Giglio, Daniel de Iracema Gomes Cubero

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Abstract

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common virus of the reproductive tract, is linked to cervical cancer, and can be prevented by vaccination, which is most effective if the vaccine is administered before sexual activity begins.

Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional, and qualitative study was based on a survey containing 15 questions delivered to schools in three cities in the ABC region. Two schools from high-income neighborhoods and two from low-income neighborhoods were selected in each city based on real estate values. Data were expressed in absolute numbers and percentages and interpreted by descriptive analysis. The statistical tests of association were performed.

Results: Twelve schools were invited and nine agreed to participate. Of the 4,503 questionnaires delivered, 1,921 were completed by parents and guardians. The vaccination rate was 56.05% in private schools and 66.58% in public schools. Private vs. public school was not an independent factor for vaccination, but residing in a low-income neighborhood and city was a determinant factor. Approximately 40% of the parents/guardians reported not having their children vaccinated, primarily due to concerns about adverse effects.

Conclusion: Despite being freely available and proven effective, the human papillomavirus vaccine remains underutilized. The reasons exposed in this paper may be useful in strategies to enhance vaccination coverage.

Trial registration: This study was approved by the research ethics committee under the number 2.143.196.

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人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种：如果疫苗是重要的和可用的，为什么不使用它？

背景：人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是生殖道最常见的病毒，与宫颈癌有关，可以通过接种疫苗预防，如果在性活动开始前接种疫苗，效果最好。方法：这项描述性、横断面性和定性研究基于一项包含15个问题的调查，该调查是在ABC地区三个城市的学校进行的。根据房地产价值，每个城市分别选择了两所高收入社区和两所低收入社区的学校。数据以绝对数字和百分比表示，并采用描述性分析解释。对相关性进行统计检验。结果：12所学校被邀请，其中9所同意参加。在4503份调查问卷中，1921份是由家长和监护人填写的。私立学校接种率为56.05%，公立学校为66.58%。私立学校与公立学校并不是接种疫苗的独立因素，但居住在低收入社区和城市是一个决定性因素。大约40%的父母/监护人报告说，他们没有给孩子接种疫苗，主要是由于担心不良反应。结论：尽管人乳头瘤病毒疫苗可以免费获得并证明有效，但仍未得到充分利用。本文揭示的原因可能有助于提高疫苗接种覆盖率的策略。试验注册：本研究经研究伦理委员会批准，注册号为2.143.196。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)

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