Kidneys Toxicity and Biodistribution of Albumin-Based Gold and Silver Nanoclusters.

Hussein Alhawari, Sameeha AlShelleh, Nisreen Abu Shahin, Mahmoud Alkawareek, Reem Abbasi, Maryam K El-Zubi, Rania Mahafdeh, Karem H Alzoubi, Alaaldin M Alkilany
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Abstract

Background: The interaction of the kidneys with nanoparticles is a fundamental issue that accelerates the proper design of efficient and safe nanotherapeutics. The present study aimed to establish the kidney toxicity and the biodistribution profile of novel gold and silver nanocluster formulations.

Methods: Gold and silver nanoclusters were synthesized in an albumin template to probe their kidney- nano interaction. The interaction was performed on healthy animals to unveil the toxicity of nanoclusters on kidney tissue.

Results: Albumin-based gold nanoclusters (BSA-AuNCs) and albumin-based silver nanoclusters (BSA-AgNCs), exhibited comparable core size (2.2±1.3 nm and 2.5±1.6 nm, respectively) and hydrodynamic diameter (11.3±2.1 nm for BSA-AuNC and 10.7±1.9 nm for BSA-AgNC) indicating similarity in their core and overall sizes. Zeta potential measurements demonstrated a comparable surface charge between BSA- AuNC (18.1±3.2 mV) and BSA- AgNC (20.1±3.6 mV), which closely resembled the surface charge of albumin in water (20.7±3.5 mV). Upon administration to rats via intravenous route, ICP-OES measurements showed a significant silver and gold nanocluster accumulation in various vital organs with unequal distribution patterns. BSA-AgNC exhibited higher concentrations in the liver and spleen, while BSA-AuNC showed predominant accumulation in the liver and kidneys. However, the administered BSA-AgNC induced more renal damage than BSA- AuNCs.

Conclusion: The identified renal toxicity linked to BSA-AgNCs, despite their lower kidney accumulation than BSA-AuNCs, illuminates the intricate interplay between nanoparticle biodistribution and toxicity. This underscores the significance of considering the core metal type in nanoparticle design and evaluation. Further investigation is needed to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms of the observed biodistribution and toxicity.

基于白蛋白的金和银纳米团簇的肾脏毒性和生物分布。
背景:肾脏与纳米颗粒的相互作用是一个基本问题,它加速了有效和安全的纳米治疗药物的正确设计。本研究旨在建立新型金和银纳米团簇制剂的肾毒性和生物分布特征。方法:在白蛋白模板中合成金纳米团簇和银纳米团簇,探讨它们与肾纳米的相互作用。在健康动物身上进行相互作用,以揭示纳米团簇对肾脏组织的毒性。结果:基于白蛋白的金纳米团簇(BSA-AuNCs)和基于白蛋白的银纳米团簇(BSA-AgNC)具有相似的核心尺寸(分别为2.2±1.3 nm和2.5±1.6 nm)和流体动力学直径(BSA-AuNC为11.3±2.1 nm, BSA-AgNC为10.7±1.9 nm),表明它们的核心和总体尺寸相似。Zeta电位测定表明,BSA- AuNC和BSA- AgNC的表面电荷(18.1±3.2 mV)与水中白蛋白的表面电荷(20.7±3.5 mV)非常相似。经静脉给药后,ICP-OES测量显示,银和金纳米团簇在大鼠各重要器官中积累显著,分布不均。BSA-AgNC在肝脏和脾脏中浓度较高,而BSA-AuNC主要积聚在肝脏和肾脏中。然而,给药BSA- agnc比BSA- AuNCs引起更多的肾损害。结论:尽管bsa - agnc的肾脏蓄积比BSA-AuNCs低,但已确定的肾毒性与bsa - agnc有关,这说明纳米颗粒的生物分布与毒性之间存在复杂的相互作用。这强调了在纳米颗粒设计和评价中考虑核心金属类型的重要性。需要进一步的研究来阐明所观察到的生物分布和毒性的潜在分子机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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