WHAT IS THE ROLE OF SEX DIFFERENCES IN OBESITY-ASSOCIATED CKD?

Abstract

Obesity represents a significant risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), with gender-specific differences in impact. This underscores the importance of considering gender-based differences in diagnosing and treating this condition. Women are more prone to obesity than men, which places them at a greater risk of developing CKD. Nevertheless, men are more likely to experience rapid disease progression and higher mortality rates associated with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Hormonal, metabolic and compositional factors may explain these differences. Obesity management demands the implementation of tailored approaches that take into account these gender-specific differences. The effectiveness and risks associated with weight loss strategies, including diet, exercise, and bariatric surgery, may vary between men and women. Furthermore, the efficacy and adverse effects of medications for ESKD and comorbidities, such as hypertension and diabetes, may differ between the sexes. Consequently, it is imperative to integrate a gender perspective into the research, diagnosis, and treatment of obesity-related CKD to improve clinical outcomes and ensure more equitable and effective care.