Effects of postoperative rehabilitation on functional exercise capacity, dyspnea, and quality of life after pulmonary endarterectomy: a systematic review.

Abstract

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) leads to increased vascular resistance and progressive right heart failure resulting from occlusion of proximal pulmonary arteries by fibrotic intravascular material. The elective surgical treatment for CTEPH is pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA), which involves removal of the chronic thromboembolic material from the entire pulmonary arterial tree. This study aimed to verify the effects of acute and subacute postoperative rehabilitation on the functional exercise capacity, dyspnea, and quality of life (QoL) of patients with CTEPH undergoing PEA. This was a systematic review of seven primary databases. At the end of the selection process, five documents were included in the final analysis. Three of these five studies were conducted in Italy, one in Korea, and one in Germany. Of 204 patients, 95 (47%) were male. This systematic review determined that in patients with CTEPH pre-PEA, the 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) ranged between 284.7 m and 371.95 m and that at 6 to 12 weeks post-PEA, after having attended postoperative rehabilitation, the 6MWD was 434.1 m to 483.6 m. The Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire was administered to evaluate QoL 3 and 22 weeks after PEA. At 22 weeks, the SF-36 physical component summary score improved from baseline (42.78±18.37 points) by 19.55±19.42 points (p=0.001), and the SF-36 mental component summary score improved from baseline (55.76±23.94 points) by 6.36±20.44 points (p=0.137).