[The experience of the Clinical and diagnostic center «Healthy nutrition» of Samara State Medical University in the prevention of noncommunicable diseases in residents of the Samara region].

Abstract

An urgent problem of modern healthcare is overweight and obesity, accompanied by many concomitant diseases. Negative trends in the health of the population and the growth of alimentary pathology puts domestic medicine in the front of the need to create units whose main task will be to provide specialized nutritional care and conduct sanitary and hygienic education among the population. Objective. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the comprehensive programs of the medical center «Healthy Nutrition» of the Samara State Medical University in the prevention of non-communicable diseases in the population of the Samara region. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the data of medical records of 2.271 patients of the medical center «Healthy Nutrition» of Samara State Medical University was carried out. Based on the anthropometric examination, the body mass index was calculated, and bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed to assess the body composition. The assessment of the actual nutrition was carried out by an automated method using the computer program «Nutri-prof». Results. Among the examined, only 14% of patients had a normal body weight, in 27% of cases overweight was observed, in 56% - obesity of varying degrees at the start of diet therapy. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance were found in 27% of cases with overweight, with obesity of the 3rd degree their prevalence increased more than twice in men and almost twice in women. Patients were recommended weight loss programs that include not only diet therapy, but also hardware techniques. Upon completion of the comprehensive body weight correction program, the number of patients of both sexes with normal body weight increased more than 4.5 times - from 14 to 66%. Conclusion. The comprehensive weight loss program provided at the medical center «Healthy Nutrition» has shown its effectiveness in the treatment of overweight, obesity, as well as in the prevention of non-communicable diseases.