James B Newton, Michael T Hawkes, Eugene Katenga-Kaunda, Kenneth J Smith
{"title":"Pre-Hospital Pulse-Oximetry and Supplemental Oxygen Utilization in Malawi: An Exploratory Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.","authors":"James B Newton, Michael T Hawkes, Eugene Katenga-Kaunda, Kenneth J Smith","doi":"10.1002/ppul.71095","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pneumonia is the leading cause of death globally in children aged 0-5 years. Early access to pulse-oximetry and supplemental oxygen in low-resource, pre-hospital settings may result in improved pediatric pneumonia outcomes. However, few data exist regarding their application in such settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed an exploratory cost-effectiveness analysis using a decision analytic model to examine use of pulse-oximetry and supplemental oxygen in pre-hospital environments of Malawi.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our model yielded an Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) for pre-hospital pulse-oximetry use of $35 (USD) per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted compared to no pulse-oximetry use. One-way sensitivity analysis showed highest sensitivity to the parameter of downstream hospitalization cost. Given that inpatient management is the standard of care for hypoxemic pneumonia, when only pre-hospital costs were considered the result was an ICER of $9.9/DALY averted. Both values were considered cost-effective according to a conservative willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold set for 1x the average GDP per capita in Malawi ($588, 2018). When oxygen was analyzed in combination with pulse-oximetry, we found a baseline WTP threshold for pre-hospital oxygen of $71 per patient. For every 1% reduction in total pediatric pneumonia mortality consequent to pre-hospital oxygen use, we determined the recommended WTP allowance for oxygen would increase by approximately $4.53.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We conclude that pulse-oximetry is likely cost-effective in low-resource, pre-hospital environments. We acknowledge the need for further research on the effectiveness of pre-hospital oxygen in reducing pediatric pneumonia mortality and suggest ranges of cost and efficacy for which oxygen is likely to be found cost-effective in tandem with pulse-oximetry.</p>","PeriodicalId":19932,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Pulmonology","volume":"60 5","pages":"e71095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12053256/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Pediatric Pulmonology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.71095","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PEDIATRICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of death globally in children aged 0-5 years. Early access to pulse-oximetry and supplemental oxygen in low-resource, pre-hospital settings may result in improved pediatric pneumonia outcomes. However, few data exist regarding their application in such settings.
Methods: We performed an exploratory cost-effectiveness analysis using a decision analytic model to examine use of pulse-oximetry and supplemental oxygen in pre-hospital environments of Malawi.
Results: Our model yielded an Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) for pre-hospital pulse-oximetry use of $35 (USD) per disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted compared to no pulse-oximetry use. One-way sensitivity analysis showed highest sensitivity to the parameter of downstream hospitalization cost. Given that inpatient management is the standard of care for hypoxemic pneumonia, when only pre-hospital costs were considered the result was an ICER of $9.9/DALY averted. Both values were considered cost-effective according to a conservative willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold set for 1x the average GDP per capita in Malawi ($588, 2018). When oxygen was analyzed in combination with pulse-oximetry, we found a baseline WTP threshold for pre-hospital oxygen of $71 per patient. For every 1% reduction in total pediatric pneumonia mortality consequent to pre-hospital oxygen use, we determined the recommended WTP allowance for oxygen would increase by approximately $4.53.
Conclusion: We conclude that pulse-oximetry is likely cost-effective in low-resource, pre-hospital environments. We acknowledge the need for further research on the effectiveness of pre-hospital oxygen in reducing pediatric pneumonia mortality and suggest ranges of cost and efficacy for which oxygen is likely to be found cost-effective in tandem with pulse-oximetry.
期刊介绍：
Pediatric Pulmonology (PPUL) is the foremost global journal studying the respiratory system in disease and in health as it develops from intrauterine life though adolescence to adulthood. Combining explicit and informative analysis of clinical as well as basic scientific research, PPUL provides a look at the many facets of respiratory system disorders in infants and children, ranging from pathological anatomy, developmental issues, and pathophysiology to infectious disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis, and airborne toxins. Focused attention is given to the reporting of diagnostic and therapeutic methods for neonates, preschool children, and adolescents, the enduring effects of childhood respiratory diseases, and newly described infectious diseases.
PPUL concentrates on subject matters of crucial interest to specialists preparing for the Pediatric Subspecialty Examinations in the United States and other countries. With its attentive coverage and extensive clinical data, this journal is a principle source for pediatricians in practice and in training and a must have for all pediatric pulmonologists.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
