Comparison of Obese and Nonobese Children and Adolescents Regarding Trabeculation and Cortex of the Mandibular Jaw Bone.

Abstract

Background: Considering the frequency of dental visits among obese individuals, understanding the effects of obesity on bone is crucial for orthodontic and surgical planning.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate potential alterations in mandibular jaw bone trabeculation and cortical bone in obese children and adolescents through fractal analysis (FA) and radiomorphometric indices.

Settings and design: This retrospective case-control study reviewed data from pediatric dental patients treated at a university faculty.

Methods: Dental panoramic radiographs of obese (34) and nonobese (39) children and adolescents were evaluated through FA, mandibular cortical width (MCW), panoramic mandibular index (PMI), and mandibular cortical index.

Statistical analysis: Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square test were used for comparisons. P < 0.05 was accepted for the significance value.

Results: When the measurements of both the case and control groups were evaluated, it was determined that the PMI measurements on both the right and left sides were lower in the obese group compared to the healthy group (P < .0001). When the relationship of age with measurements of the entire sample was evaluated, MCW values on both the right and left sides were lower in children under 12 years of age compared to those over 12 years of age (P < 000.1).

Conclusions: Obesity in children and adolescents may lead to a decline in mandibular cortical thickness. Clinicians should consider the potential effects of obesity on the mandibular bone in the treatment planning of obese children and adolescents presenting to dental clinics for orthodontic treatment and surgical procedures.