Collagen matrix versus free gingival graft for augmentation of keratinized tissue in mandibular anterior teeth: A comparative clinical study.

Abstract

Background: Insufficient width of keratinized gingiva (WKG) leads to clinical attachment loss (CAL) and eventually periodontal destruction. Free gingival graft (FGG) is the gold standard to increase WKG but requires a second surgical site and poor esthetics outcomes. Hence, alternatives like collagen matrix (CM) have been developed.

Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of CM versus FGG in augmenting WKG in the lower anterior.

Materials and methods: Twenty patients with inadequate WKG were enrolled and allocated into two groups. Group I participants received augmentation of WKG using CM and Group II participants with FGG. Clinical parameters such as probing pocket depth, CAL, WKG, and gingival thickness were recorded at baseline, 3^rd month, and 6^th month. Plaque score was recorded at baseline and 6^th month and wound healing index was recorded at 14^th and 21^st days. The parameters within the group and between the groups were compared using repeated measures of analysis of variance and independent t-test.

Results: The mean WKG of Group I and Group II in 6^th month after augmentation was 3.88 ± 0.3 mm and 5.21 ± 1.0 mm, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.001). The mean wound healing index for Group I and Group II measured on 21^st day was 5.00 ± 0.1 and 2.50 ± 0.5, respectively, and the difference in the wound healing index was statistically significant (P = 0.001).

Conclusion: Both CM and FGG are suitable for increasing the WKG. FGG aided in a marginally greater increase in WKG than CM and healing was better with CM as compared to FGG.