{"title":"Taurine corrects lupus CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell imbalance through inhibition of mTORC1 signaling.","authors":"Saisai Huang, Yiyuan Cui, Yaqi Zhang, Hanyin Deng, Shanshan Liu, Xuebing Feng","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00936-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study was designed to explore the metabolism features in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of taurine in the control of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and the progression of SLE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Metabolomic profiles of sera from SLE patients and healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed by mass spectrometry. The therapeutic effects of taurine in vivo were observed in resiquimod (R848) induced mice, and the effects of taurine on various functions of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells were examined by flow cytometry. The effect of mTORC1 agonist MHY1485 on the regulatory capacity of taurine was examined in vitro.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both untargeted metabolomics assays and independent sample validation showed that serum levels of taurine were reduced in SLE patients compared to HCs (P<0.0001), which was inversely correlated with disease activity scores (P<0.05). Taurine supplementation relieved the progression of lupus in R848 induced mice, characterized by a decrease in anti-dsDNA (P<0.01) and proteinuria (P<0.05) and a reduction in the severity of nephritis (P<0.05). And, taurine supplementation improved the differentiation of cell subsets such as Th17 (P<0.001) and Treg cells (P<0.001) in these mice. In vitro, taurine suppressed reactive oxygen species production (P<0.001), proliferation (P<0.0001) and senescence (P<0.0001) of mouse spleen cells. The level of pS6 (P<0.0001) but not AKT in CD4<sup>+</sup> T was significantly decreased after taurine treatment, while mTORC1 agonists partially blocked the effect of taurine on CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Taurine may play a therapeutic role by ameliorating CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell abnormalities through inhibition of mTORC1 signaling in SLE.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070759/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nutrition & Metabolism","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00936-x","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Objective: This study was designed to explore the metabolism features in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of taurine in the control of CD4+ T cells and the progression of SLE.
Methods: Metabolomic profiles of sera from SLE patients and healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed by mass spectrometry. The therapeutic effects of taurine in vivo were observed in resiquimod (R848) induced mice, and the effects of taurine on various functions of CD4+ T cells were examined by flow cytometry. The effect of mTORC1 agonist MHY1485 on the regulatory capacity of taurine was examined in vitro.
Results: Both untargeted metabolomics assays and independent sample validation showed that serum levels of taurine were reduced in SLE patients compared to HCs (P<0.0001), which was inversely correlated with disease activity scores (P<0.05). Taurine supplementation relieved the progression of lupus in R848 induced mice, characterized by a decrease in anti-dsDNA (P<0.01) and proteinuria (P<0.05) and a reduction in the severity of nephritis (P<0.05). And, taurine supplementation improved the differentiation of cell subsets such as Th17 (P<0.001) and Treg cells (P<0.001) in these mice. In vitro, taurine suppressed reactive oxygen species production (P<0.001), proliferation (P<0.0001) and senescence (P<0.0001) of mouse spleen cells. The level of pS6 (P<0.0001) but not AKT in CD4+ T was significantly decreased after taurine treatment, while mTORC1 agonists partially blocked the effect of taurine on CD4+ T cells.
Conclusion: Taurine may play a therapeutic role by ameliorating CD4+ T cell abnormalities through inhibition of mTORC1 signaling in SLE.
期刊介绍：
Nutrition & Metabolism publishes studies with a clear focus on nutrition and metabolism with applications ranging from nutrition needs, exercise physiology, clinical and population studies, as well as the underlying mechanisms in these aspects.
The areas of interest for Nutrition & Metabolism encompass studies in molecular nutrition in the context of obesity, diabetes, lipedemias, metabolic syndrome and exercise physiology. Manuscripts related to molecular, cellular and human metabolism, nutrient sensing and nutrient–gene interactions are also in interest, as are submissions that have employed new and innovative strategies like metabolomics/lipidomics or other omic-based biomarkers to predict nutritional status and metabolic diseases.
Key areas we wish to encourage submissions from include:
-how diet and specific nutrients interact with genes, proteins or metabolites to influence metabolic phenotypes and disease outcomes;
-the role of epigenetic factors and the microbiome in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases and their influence on metabolic responses to diet and food components;
-how diet and other environmental factors affect epigenetics and microbiota; the extent to which genetic and nongenetic factors modify personal metabolic responses to diet and food compositions and the mechanisms involved;
-how specific biologic networks and nutrient sensing mechanisms attribute to metabolic variability.
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