In vitro effects of laser-activated irrigation methods on apical extrusion of indocyanine green mediated photodynamic therapy

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2025.104626

Behnam Bolhari , Naghmeh Meraji , Rahim Seddighi , Yashar Safaraei , Nasim Chiniforush

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to compare the effects of different laser-activated irrigation (LAI) methods on apical extrusion of indocyanine green (ICG).

Materials and Methods

In this in vitro study, 40 extracted single-canal premolars were instrumented and randomly assigned to 4 groups (n = 10) of (I) ICG (1 mg/mL) + photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) with 2940 nm erbium laser, 20 mJ energy, and 50 µs pulse width for 30 s, (II) ICG + shockwave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS) with 2940 nm erbium laser with 20 mJ energy, and 50 µs pulse width (two 25 µs pulse widths) for 30 s, (III) ICG + 810 nm diode laser with 250 mW power for 30 s, and (IV) ICG without activation. Photoluminescence (PL) was used to quantify the ICG volume extruded through the apex, and determine the excitation wavelength of the ICG samples. To calibrate the PL results, one random ICG sample underwent inductively-coupled plasma (ICP) test to quantify the sulfur content of the extruded ICG. Considering the chemical formulation of ICG, the concentration of extruded ICG was calculated accordingly. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (alpha=0.05).

Results

The best spectrum was obtained at 390 nm excitation wavelength with 700 V voltage and slit number=10. The study groups had no significant difference in the concentration of apically extruded ICG (P = 0.611).

Conclusion

The tested LAI protocols had no significant difference with each other or with the no activation protocol regarding the apical extrusion of ICG.

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激光激活灌洗方法对吲哚菁绿介导光动力治疗根尖挤压的体外影响。

目的：比较不同激光激活灌洗（LAI）方法对吲哚菁绿（ICG）根尖挤出的影响。材料和方法：在这项体外研究中，40颗拔出的单管前磨牙被检测并随机分为4组（n=10）：(I) ICG （1 mg/mL） + 光子诱导光声流（PIPS）， 2940 nm铒激光，20 mJ能量，50µs脉冲宽度，持续30秒；（II） ICG + 冲击波增强发射光声流（SWEEPS）， 2940 nm铒激光，20 mJ能量，50µs脉冲宽度，持续30秒；（III） ICG + 810 nm二极管激光器，功率250 mW，持续30秒；（IV）未激活ICG。利用光致发光法（PL）定量挤出ICG顶点的体积，确定ICG样品的激发波长。为了校准PL结果，一个随机的ICG样品进行了电感耦合等离子体（ICP）测试，以量化挤压ICG的硫含量。根据ICG的化学配方，计算出挤压后的ICG浓度。资料采用单因素方差分析（α =0.05）。结果：在激发波长390 nm，电压700 V，狭缝数=10处获得最佳光谱。各组间根尖挤压ICG浓度差异无统计学意义（P=0.611）。结论：在ICG的顶端挤压方面，经检验的LAI方案之间或与无激活方案之间均无显著差异。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

24.20%

发文量

509

审稿时长

50 days

期刊介绍： Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy is an international journal for the dissemination of scientific knowledge and clinical developments of Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy in all medical specialties. The journal publishes original articles, review articles, case presentations, "how-to-do-it" articles, Letters to the Editor, short communications and relevant images with short descriptions. All submitted material is subject to a strict peer-review process.