The Role of the Gut-Biliary-Liver Axis in Primary Hepatobiliary Liver Cancers: From Molecular Insights to Clinical Applications.

IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES
Mario Romeo, Marcello Dallio, Fiammetta Di Nardo, Carmine Napolitano, Paolo Vaia, Giuseppina Martinelli, Pierluigi Federico, Simone Olivieri, Patrizia Iodice, Alessandro Federico
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Hepatobiliary liver cancers (HBLCs) represent the sixth most common neoplasm in the world. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC) constitute the main HBLC types, with alarming epidemiological projections. Methods: In recent decades, alterations in gut microbiota, with mutual implications on the gut-liver axis and gut-biliary axis permeability status, have been massively investigated and proposed as HBLC pathogenetic deus ex machina. Results: In the HCC setting, elevated intestinal levels of Escherichia coli and other Gram-negative bacteria have been demonstrated, resulting in a close association with increased lipopolysaccharide (LPS) serum levels and, consequently, chronic systemic inflammation. In contrast, the intestinal microbiota of HCC individuals feature reduced levels of Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and Enterococcus spp. In the CC setting, evidence has revealed an increased expression of Lactobacillus spp., with enhanced levels of Actynomices spp. and Alloscardovia spp. Besides impaired strains/species representation, gut-derived metabolites, including bile acids (BAs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and oxidative-stress-derived products, configure a network severely impacting the progression of HBLC. Conclusions: In the era of Precision Medicine, the clarification of microbiota composition and functioning in HCC and CC settings can contribute to the identification of individual signatures, potentially providing novel diagnostic markers, therapeutic approaches, and prognostic/predictive tools.

肠-胆-肝轴在原发性肝胆性肝癌中的作用:从分子观察到临床应用。
背景:肝胆性肝癌(HBLCs)是世界上第六大常见肿瘤。肝细胞癌(HCC)和胆管癌(CC)是主要的HBLC类型,其流行病学预测令人担忧。方法:近几十年来,肠道菌群的改变及其对肠-肝轴和肠-胆轴渗透性状态的相互影响已被大量研究,并被认为是乙肝病毒的致病原因。结果:在HCC的情况下,大肠杆菌和其他革兰氏阴性菌的肠道水平升高已被证明与血清脂多糖(LPS)水平升高密切相关,因此,慢性全身炎症。相比之下,HCC个体的肠道微生物群特征是乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌和肠球菌的水平降低。在CC环境中,证据显示乳酸杆菌的表达增加,actitynomies spp.和Alloscardovia spp.的表达增加。除了菌株/物种代表受损外,肠道衍生代谢物,包括胆汁酸(BAs)、短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)和氧化应激衍生产物。配置一个严重影响HBLC进展的网络。结论:在精准医学时代,澄清HCC和CC环境中的微生物群组成和功能有助于识别个体特征,可能提供新的诊断标记、治疗方法和预后/预测工具。
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来源期刊
Journal of Personalized Medicine
Journal of Personalized Medicine Medicine-Medicine (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
1878
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Personalized Medicine (JPM; ISSN 2075-4426) is an international, open access journal aimed at bringing all aspects of personalized medicine to one platform. JPM publishes cutting edge, innovative preclinical and translational scientific research and technologies related to personalized medicine (e.g., pharmacogenomics/proteomics, systems biology). JPM recognizes that personalized medicine—the assessment of genetic, environmental and host factors that cause variability of individuals—is a challenging, transdisciplinary topic that requires discussions from a range of experts. For a comprehensive perspective of personalized medicine, JPM aims to integrate expertise from the molecular and translational sciences, therapeutics and diagnostics, as well as discussions of regulatory, social, ethical and policy aspects. We provide a forum to bring together academic and clinical researchers, biotechnology, diagnostic and pharmaceutical companies, health professionals, regulatory and ethical experts, and government and regulatory authorities.
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