Oluseyi Adegoke, Ifedayo A Odeniyi, Oluwadamilola O Ojo, Obianuju B Ozoh, Ayesha O Akinkugbe, Njideka U Okubadejo
{"title":"Sociodemographic and lifestyle determinants of blood pressure in adult Nigerians.","authors":"Oluseyi Adegoke, Ifedayo A Odeniyi, Oluwadamilola O Ojo, Obianuju B Ozoh, Ayesha O Akinkugbe, Njideka U Okubadejo","doi":"10.1093/inthealth/ihaf048","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Blood pressure (BP) trends are influenced by genetic, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, with notable population-specific variations. This study assessed the impact of these determinants on BP in urban Nigerians to identify high-risk subgroups and inform targeted interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study of 5076 adults ages 18-92 y (51.1% female) from Lagos, Nigeria. Data were collected using a modified World Health Organization STEPS protocol, including standardized BP measurements. Multiple linear regression models evaluated the effects of sociodemographic (age, sex, education, marital status and occupation) and lifestyle factors (tobacco/alcohol use, physical activity and fruit/vegetable consumption) on systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age and marital status (married/cohabiting) significantly predicted higher SBP and DBP. Male sex, previously married, low physical activity and current tobacco use independently predicted elevated SBP, while alcohol consumption and employment type (salaried and self-employment) predicted higher DBP. The impacts of these factors on SBP and DBP ranged from β=0.03 to 0.28. Low fruit/vegetable consumption was not a significant independent predictor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors exhibit unique patterns in influencing BP among urban Nigerians. Tailored public health strategies, including alcohol/tobacco risk awareness, access to health screening and socio-economic/marital support, are essential for effective hypertension prevention in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":49060,"journal":{"name":"International Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Health","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihaf048","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Blood pressure (BP) trends are influenced by genetic, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, with notable population-specific variations. This study assessed the impact of these determinants on BP in urban Nigerians to identify high-risk subgroups and inform targeted interventions.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 5076 adults ages 18-92 y (51.1% female) from Lagos, Nigeria. Data were collected using a modified World Health Organization STEPS protocol, including standardized BP measurements. Multiple linear regression models evaluated the effects of sociodemographic (age, sex, education, marital status and occupation) and lifestyle factors (tobacco/alcohol use, physical activity and fruit/vegetable consumption) on systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) trends.
Results: Age and marital status (married/cohabiting) significantly predicted higher SBP and DBP. Male sex, previously married, low physical activity and current tobacco use independently predicted elevated SBP, while alcohol consumption and employment type (salaried and self-employment) predicted higher DBP. The impacts of these factors on SBP and DBP ranged from β=0.03 to 0.28. Low fruit/vegetable consumption was not a significant independent predictor.
Conclusions: Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors exhibit unique patterns in influencing BP among urban Nigerians. Tailored public health strategies, including alcohol/tobacco risk awareness, access to health screening and socio-economic/marital support, are essential for effective hypertension prevention in this population.
期刊介绍:
International Health is an official journal of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. It publishes original, peer-reviewed articles and reviews on all aspects of global health including the social and economic aspects of communicable and non-communicable diseases, health systems research, policy and implementation, and the evaluation of disease control programmes and healthcare delivery solutions.
It aims to stimulate scientific and policy debate and provide a forum for analysis and opinion sharing for individuals and organisations engaged in all areas of global health.