Female gender, sexist maltreatment, adverse childhood events, and psychological symptoms: A case of omitted-variable bias.

IF 2.7 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY

Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI:10.1037/tra0001952

John Briere, Marsha Runtz, Elise Villeneuve, Natacha Godbout

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Abstract

Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between gender and symptomatology as potentially mediated by exposure to sexism and childhood adversity.

Method: Using an online sample of 498 women and men, structural equation modeling was employed to test these potential direct and intermediary associations.

Results: A direct path from female gender to symptomatology in Model 1 had acceptable fit characteristics. However, this relationship was no longer present once exposure to sexism and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were added in Model 2. Instead, female gender was associated with exposure to sexism and childhood adversities, which, in turn, were related to symptomatology. Also significant in Model 2 was a path from male (but not female) gender to symptomatology once sexism and ACEs were taken into account. Follow-up analyses of variance revealed that the change from female to male prediction of symptoms was a function of the intermediary effects of exposure to sexism, but not ACEs.

Conclusions: Women's symptomatology may not be uniquely related to their gender, per se, but is significantly associated with their experiences of sexism and childhood adversity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

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女性性别、性别歧视虐待、不良童年事件和心理症状：一个遗漏变量偏差的案例。

目的：本研究的目的是检查性别和症状之间的关系，因为暴露于性别歧视和童年逆境可能介导。方法：利用498名男性和女性的在线样本，采用结构方程模型来检验这些潜在的直接和中介关联。结果：模型1中从女性性别到症状的直接路径具有可接受的拟合特征。然而，在模型2中加入性别歧视暴露和不良童年经历（ace）后，这种关系不再存在。相反，女性性别与性别歧视和童年逆境的暴露有关，而这反过来又与症状有关。模型2中同样重要的是，一旦考虑性别歧视和ace，从男性（而不是女性）性别到症状学的路径。方差的后续分析显示，从女性到男性的症状预测变化是暴露于性别歧视的中介效应的函数，而不是ace的函数。结论：女性的症状可能与她们的性别本身无关，但与她们的性别歧视经历和童年逆境显著相关。（PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA，版权所有）。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy Multiple-

CiteScore

11.20

自引率

3.20%

发文量

427

期刊介绍： Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy publishes empirical research on the psychological effects of trauma. The journal is intended to be a forum for an interdisciplinary discussion on trauma, blending science, theory, practice, and policy. The journal publishes empirical research on a wide range of trauma-related topics, including: -Psychological treatments and effects -Promotion of education about effects of and treatment for trauma -Assessment and diagnosis of trauma -Pathophysiology of trauma reactions -Health services (delivery of services to trauma populations) -Epidemiological studies and risk factor studies -Neuroimaging studies -Trauma and cultural competence