Non-use of dentures after tooth loss is associated with elevated sodium/potassium ratios in older adults: a retrospective cohort study.

IF 1.8 Q3 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE
Frontiers in dental medicine Pub Date : 2025-04-24 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fdmed.2025.1479896
Takafumi Abe, Tsuyoshi Hamano, Haruki Usuda, Koichiro Wada, Kenta Okuyama, Kazumichi Tominaga, Shozo Yano, Minoru Isomura
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Abstract

Objective: An elevated sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio in urine increases the risk of hypertension. Tooth loss in older adults can lead to a diminished nutritional state, including alterations in the Na/K ratio. However, the relationship between denture use and changes in the Na/K ratio among individuals with tooth loss has not been sufficiently explored. This study examined whether denture use modifies the association between tooth loss and changes in the Na/K ratio.

Methods: Surveys in 2016 and 2018 included 473 older adults. The Na/K ratio was measured using spot urine tests. A dental hygienist evaluated the number of teeth and the use of dentures. We used generalized linear models to analyze the combined effect of the number of teeth and denture use on changes in the Na/K ratio.

Results: Participants without dentures in the 0-19 teeth group showed a significant association with changes in the Na/K ratio (B = 0.635; 95% confidence interval = 0.038, 1.232) compared to those with ≥28 teeth, but denture users with 0-19 teeth did not show significant association. No significant association with changes in the Na/K ratio was observed in denture users and non-users with 20-27 teeth.

Conclusion: In non-denture users with fewer than 20 teeth, the Na/K ratio was markedly elevated, but in denture users with fewer than 20 teeth it was not significant. These findings highlight the importance of promoting denture use in older adults with few remaining teeth to maintain their Na/K balance.

Abstract Image

老年人牙齿脱落后不使用假牙与钠/钾比值升高有关:一项回顾性队列研究
目的:尿钠钾(Na/K)比升高会增加高血压的风险。老年人牙齿脱落会导致营养状况下降,包括钠钾比的改变。然而,假牙使用与牙齿脱落个体Na/K比值变化之间的关系尚未得到充分的探讨。本研究考察了假牙的使用是否改变了牙齿脱落和Na/K比值变化之间的关系。方法:2016年和2018年的调查包括473名老年人。钠钾比采用尿样试验测定。牙科保健师评估了牙齿的数量和假牙的使用情况。采用广义线性模型分析牙数和义齿使用对Na/K比值变化的综合影响。结果:0-19牙组无义齿受试者Na/K比值变化有显著相关性(B = 0.635;95%可信区间= 0.038,1.232),但0 ~ 19牙的义齿使用者无显著相关性。在20-27颗牙的假牙使用者和非假牙使用者中,Na/K比值的变化无显著相关性。结论:20牙以下非义齿使用者Na/K比值明显升高,而20牙以下义齿使用者Na/K比值无显著升高。这些发现强调了促进老年人使用假牙以维持其Na/K平衡的重要性。
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CiteScore
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