Cognition and modulation of the cholinergic system.

Q2 Medicine

Handbook of clinical neurology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1016/B978-0-443-19088-9.00012-3

Peter J Snyder, Paul T Maruff

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The role of the cholinergic system in the mediation of an entire complex hierarchy of interdependent cognitive functions, from the maintenance of arousal, to directed attention, to decision-making and problem-solving, and to new learning and memory, has been exceptionally well-studied over the past four decades. Disruption of cholinergic transmission has been implicated in the emergence of cognitive deficits for a range of neurodegenerative diseases, with disruption of cholinergic tone and neural circuitry in Alzheimer disease being the most common and most exhaustively explored of these diseases. Moreover, the use of pharmacologic probes in human studies to either upregulate or downregulate cholinergic tone in real time, and paired with appropriate and sensitive cognitive tasks, has led to a robust body of evidence. This evidence shows improvements vs impairments, respectively (e.g., enhanced vs degraded decision-making speed and efficiency), which confirm the complex and varied roles of cholinergic activity on cognitive functions in both health and disease states.

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胆碱能系统的认知和调节。

在过去的四十年里，人们对胆碱能系统在相互依赖的认知功能的整个复杂层次的调解中所起的作用进行了非常充分的研究，从维持觉醒，到定向注意力，到决策和解决问题，再到新的学习和记忆。胆碱能传递的破坏与一系列神经退行性疾病的认知缺陷的出现有关，阿尔茨海默病中胆碱能张力和神经回路的破坏是这些疾病中最常见和最详尽的研究。此外，在人类研究中使用药理学探针实时上调或下调胆碱能张力，并与适当和敏感的认知任务相结合，已经产生了强有力的证据。这些证据分别显示了改善与损害（例如，决策速度和效率的提高与降低），这证实了胆碱能活动在健康和疾病状态下对认知功能的复杂和不同的作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Handbook of clinical neurology Medicine-Neurology (clinical)

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

302

期刊介绍： The Handbook of Clinical Neurology (HCN) was originally conceived and edited by Pierre Vinken and George Bruyn as a prestigious, multivolume reference work that would cover all the disorders encountered by clinicians and researchers engaged in neurology and allied fields. The first series of the Handbook (Volumes 1-44) was published between 1968 and 1982 and was followed by a second series (Volumes 45-78), guided by the same editors, which concluded in 2002. By that time, the Handbook had come to represent one of the largest scientific works ever published. In 2002, Professors Michael J. Aminoff, François Boller, and Dick F. Swaab took on the responsibility of supervising the third (current) series, the first volumes of which published in 2003. They have designed this series to encompass both clinical neurology and also the basic and clinical neurosciences that are its underpinning. Given the enormity and complexity of the accumulating literature, it is almost impossible to keep abreast of developments in the field, thus providing the raison d''être for the series. The series will thus appeal to clinicians and investigators alike, providing to each an added dimension. Now, more than 140 volumes after it began, the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series has an unparalleled reputation for providing the latest information on fundamental research on the operation of the nervous system in health and disease, comprehensive clinical information on neurological and related disorders, and up-to-date treatment protocols.