Reilly G. Fankhauser, Douglas B. Johnson, Javid J. Moslehi, Justin M. Balko
{"title":"Preclinical mouse models of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis","authors":"Reilly G. Fankhauser, Douglas B. Johnson, Javid J. Moslehi, Justin M. Balko","doi":"10.1038/s44161-025-00640-2","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In this Review, we present a comprehensive analysis of preclinical models used to study immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis (hereafter ICI-myocarditis), a potentially lethal immune-related adverse event. We begin by providing an overview of immune checkpoint inhibitors, highlighting how their efficacy in cancer treatment is counterbalanced by their predisposition to cause immune-related adverse events. Next, we draw from human data to identify disease features that an effective mouse model should ideally mimic. After that, we present a critical evaluation of a wide variety of existing mouse models including genetic, pharmacological and humanized models. We summarize insights gathered about the underlying mechanisms of ICI-myocarditis and the role of mouse models in these discoveries. We conclude with a perspective on the future of preclinical models, highlighting potential model improvements and research directions that could strengthen our understanding of ICI-myocarditis, ultimately improving patient outcomes. Fankhauser et al. provide an in-depth review of preclinical mouse models used to study immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis (ICI-myocarditis). They discuss potential improvements to the field that could, in the future, strengthen our understanding of ICI-myocarditis.","PeriodicalId":74245,"journal":{"name":"Nature cardiovascular research","volume":"4 5","pages":"526-538"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nature cardiovascular research","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44161-025-00640-2","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
In this Review, we present a comprehensive analysis of preclinical models used to study immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis (hereafter ICI-myocarditis), a potentially lethal immune-related adverse event. We begin by providing an overview of immune checkpoint inhibitors, highlighting how their efficacy in cancer treatment is counterbalanced by their predisposition to cause immune-related adverse events. Next, we draw from human data to identify disease features that an effective mouse model should ideally mimic. After that, we present a critical evaluation of a wide variety of existing mouse models including genetic, pharmacological and humanized models. We summarize insights gathered about the underlying mechanisms of ICI-myocarditis and the role of mouse models in these discoveries. We conclude with a perspective on the future of preclinical models, highlighting potential model improvements and research directions that could strengthen our understanding of ICI-myocarditis, ultimately improving patient outcomes. Fankhauser et al. provide an in-depth review of preclinical mouse models used to study immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis (ICI-myocarditis). They discuss potential improvements to the field that could, in the future, strengthen our understanding of ICI-myocarditis.