How much can biomarkers explain sociodemographic inequalities in cognitive dysfunction and cognitive impairment? Results from a machine learning model in the Health and Retirement Study.

IF 3.4 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI:10.1177/13872877251338063

Eric T Klopack, Mateo P Farina, Bharat Thyagarajan, Jessica D Faul, Eileen M Crimmins

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

BackgroundBiomarkers may be pathways by which social adversity affects cognitive aging and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) risk.ObjectiveHow much variance in cognitive dysfunction and cognitive impairment onset do blood-based and physiological biomarkers provide above and beyond easily attainable sociodemographic variables, and how much can biomarkers explain differences in cognitive functioning and ADRD by sociodemographic variables?MethodsWe utilize machine learning to generate measures of predicted cognitive dysfunction and cognitive impairment incidence based on 91 biomarkers, identify the relative importance of each biomarker, and examine how much these biomarkers mediate sociodemographic differences.ResultsMarkers related to cellular aging, neurodegeneration, diet and nutrition, immune functioning, and lung function were identified as important. Biomarkers mediated 47.2-77.3% of the variance associated with age, 22.7-35.2% of racial/ethnic differences in cognitive dysfunction, and 12.5-17.6% of educational differences.ConclusionsBiomarkers provide the potential to understand pathways linking sociodemographic characteristics to cognitive functioning and health. Future research should consider additional biomarkers and evaluate the specific systems that put people at risk for cognitive impairment.

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生物标志物能在多大程度上解释认知功能障碍和认知障碍中的社会人口不平等？健康与退休研究中机器学习模型的结果。

背景生物标志物可能是社会逆境影响认知老化和阿尔茨海默病及相关痴呆（ADRD）风险的途径。目的：血液和生理生物标志物在认知功能障碍和认知障碍发病方面的差异在多大程度上超出了容易获得的社会人口变量，生物标志物在多大程度上可以通过社会人口变量解释认知功能和ADRD的差异？方法利用机器学习生成基于91个生物标志物的预测认知功能障碍和认知障碍发生率的测量，确定每个生物标志物的相对重要性，并检查这些生物标志物在多大程度上介导了社会人口统计学差异。结果与细胞衰老、神经退行性变、饮食营养、免疫功能和肺功能相关的标志物被认为是重要的。生物标志物介导了47.2-77.3%的年龄相关方差，22.7-35.2%的认知功能障碍种族/民族差异，12.5-17.6%的教育差异。结论：生物标志物为理解社会人口学特征与认知功能和健康之间的联系提供了可能。未来的研究应该考虑更多的生物标志物，并评估使人们面临认知障碍风险的特定系统。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

7.50%

发文量

1327

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Alzheimer''s Disease (JAD) is an international multidisciplinary journal to facilitate progress in understanding the etiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, genetics, behavior, treatment and psychology of Alzheimer''s disease. The journal publishes research reports, reviews, short communications, hypotheses, ethics reviews, book reviews, and letters-to-the-editor. The journal is dedicated to providing an open forum for original research that will expedite our fundamental understanding of Alzheimer''s disease.