A budget for brain metabolic water production by glucose catabolism during rest, rises in activity and sleep.

IF 5.9 1区 医学 Q1 NEUROSCIENCES
Gerald A Dienel, Martin Lauritzen
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Maintaining brain fluid homeostasis is of critical importance for creating a stable environment conducive to optimal neuronal functioning, nutrient distribution, and waste product removal. In this study, we employed previously published data on brain oxygen and glucose consumption in awake rodents or humans to quantify the metabolic water production associated with distinct pathways of glucose metabolism. It is predicted that neuronal mitochondria are the primary source of metabolic water at rest, resulting in a continuous efflux into the cytosol, interstitial fluid, and cerebrospinal fluid. Net metabolic water production is predicted to be reduced by increases in activity due to a shift in metabolism from glucose oxidation to include glycolysis in neurons and ATP hydrolysis by the major cation pumps, which involves water consumption (ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi). In comparison, glycogenolysis, which occurs concurrently with the activation of astrocytes, potentially represents a major but previously unidentified contributor to metabolic water. Metabolic water production is dependent on the state of the brain, with a reduction of 30-40% occurring during deep sleep. Our estimates indicate that metabolic water functions as a conduit for interstitial fluid production within the brain, enabling flexible and efficient distribution of fluid that flows seamlessly from the parenchyma to the subarachnoid space and lymphatic vessels to facilitate the removal of brain waste, independent of the glymphatic system.

大脑在休息、活动和睡眠时通过葡萄糖分解代谢产生代谢水的预算。
维持脑液稳态对于创造一个稳定的环境至关重要,这有利于最佳的神经元功能、营养分配和废物的清除。在这项研究中,我们采用了先前发表的清醒啮齿动物或人类脑氧和葡萄糖消耗的数据来量化与葡萄糖代谢不同途径相关的代谢水产生。据预测,神经元线粒体是静止状态下代谢水的主要来源,导致细胞浆、间质液和脑脊液的持续外排。由于代谢从葡萄糖氧化转变为包括神经元的糖酵解和主要阳离子泵的ATP水解,这涉及到水的消耗(ATP + H2O→ADP + Pi),预计净代谢水产量会因活性增加而减少。相比之下,与星形胶质细胞激活同时发生的糖原分解可能是代谢水的主要贡献者,但此前未被发现。代谢水的产生取决于大脑的状态,在深度睡眠期间会减少30-40%。我们的估计表明,代谢性水作为脑内间质液生产的管道,使液体能够灵活有效地从实质流向蛛网膜下腔和淋巴管,从而促进脑废物的清除,而不依赖于淋巴系统。
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来源期刊
Fluids and Barriers of the CNS
Fluids and Barriers of the CNS Neuroscience-Developmental Neuroscience
CiteScore
10.70
自引率
8.20%
发文量
94
审稿时长
14 weeks
期刊介绍: "Fluids and Barriers of the CNS" is a scholarly open access journal that specializes in the intricate world of the central nervous system's fluids and barriers, which are pivotal for the health and well-being of the human body. This journal is a peer-reviewed platform that welcomes research manuscripts exploring the full spectrum of CNS fluids and barriers, with a particular focus on their roles in both health and disease. At the heart of this journal's interest is the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a vital fluid that circulates within the brain and spinal cord, playing a multifaceted role in the normal functioning of the brain and in various neurological conditions. The journal delves into the composition, circulation, and absorption of CSF, as well as its relationship with the parenchymal interstitial fluid and the neurovascular unit at the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
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