{"title":"Dried blood spot proteome identifies subclinical interferon signature in neonates with type I interferonopathy.","authors":"Hiroshi Nihira, Daisuke Nakajima, Kazushi Izawa, Yusuke Kawashima, Hirofumi Shibata, Ryo Konno, Motoko Higashiguchi, Takayuki Miyamoto, Masahiko Nishitani-Isa, Eitaro Hiejima, Yoshitaka Honda, Tadashi Matsubayashi, Takashi Ishihara, Masato Yashiro, Naomi Iwata, Yoko Ohwada, Seiichi Tomotaki, Masahiko Kawai, Kosaku Murakami, Hidenori Ohnishi, Masataka Ishimura, Satoshi Okada, Motoi Yamashita, Tomohiro Morio, Akihiro Hoshino, Hirokazu Kanegane, Kohsuke Imai, Yasuko Nakamura, Shigeaki Nonoyama, Toru Uchiyama, Masafumi Onodera, Takashi Ishikawa, Toshinao Kawai, Junko Takita, Ryuta Nishikomori, Osamu Ohara, Takahiro Yasumi","doi":"10.1016/j.jaci.2025.04.025","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Type I interferonopathy is characterized by aberrant upregulation of type I interferon signaling. The mRNA interferon signature is a useful marker for activation of the interferon pathway and for diagnosis of type I interferonopathy; however, early diagnosis is challenging.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study sought to identify the proteomic interferon signature in dried blood spot (DBS) samples. The aim was to evaluate the usefulness of the interferon signature for neonatal screening and to gain insight into presymptomatic state of neonates with inborn errors of immunity (IEIs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DBS samples from healthy newborns/adults, patients with type I interferonopathy or other IEIs as well as from neonates with viral infections, including some samples obtained during the presymptomatic neonatal period, were examined by nontargeted proteome analyses. Expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) was evaluated and a DBS-interferon signature was defined. Differential expression/pathway analysis was also performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ISG products IFIT5, ISG15, and OAS2 were detected. Expression of IFIT5 and ISG15 was upregulated significantly in individuals with type I interferonopathy. We defined the sum of the z scores for these as the DBS-interferon signature, and found that patients with IEIs other than type I interferonopathy, such as chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), also showed significant elevation. Additionally, neonatal samples of type I interferonopathy and CGD patients showed high interferon signatures. Pathway analysis of neonatal CGD samples revealed upregulation of systemic lupus erythematosus-like pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Upregulation of the interferon pathway exists already at birth-not only in neonates with type I interferonopathy but also in other IEIs, including CGD.</p>","PeriodicalId":14936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2025.04.025","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ALLERGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Type I interferonopathy is characterized by aberrant upregulation of type I interferon signaling. The mRNA interferon signature is a useful marker for activation of the interferon pathway and for diagnosis of type I interferonopathy; however, early diagnosis is challenging.
Objective: This study sought to identify the proteomic interferon signature in dried blood spot (DBS) samples. The aim was to evaluate the usefulness of the interferon signature for neonatal screening and to gain insight into presymptomatic state of neonates with inborn errors of immunity (IEIs).
Methods: DBS samples from healthy newborns/adults, patients with type I interferonopathy or other IEIs as well as from neonates with viral infections, including some samples obtained during the presymptomatic neonatal period, were examined by nontargeted proteome analyses. Expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) was evaluated and a DBS-interferon signature was defined. Differential expression/pathway analysis was also performed.
Results: The ISG products IFIT5, ISG15, and OAS2 were detected. Expression of IFIT5 and ISG15 was upregulated significantly in individuals with type I interferonopathy. We defined the sum of the z scores for these as the DBS-interferon signature, and found that patients with IEIs other than type I interferonopathy, such as chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), also showed significant elevation. Additionally, neonatal samples of type I interferonopathy and CGD patients showed high interferon signatures. Pathway analysis of neonatal CGD samples revealed upregulation of systemic lupus erythematosus-like pathways.
Conclusion: Upregulation of the interferon pathway exists already at birth-not only in neonates with type I interferonopathy but also in other IEIs, including CGD.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology is a prestigious publication that features groundbreaking research in the fields of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology. This influential journal publishes high-impact research papers that explore various topics, including asthma, food allergy, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, primary immune deficiencies, occupational and environmental allergy, and other allergic and immunologic diseases. The articles not only report on clinical trials and mechanistic studies but also provide insights into novel therapies, underlying mechanisms, and important discoveries that contribute to our understanding of these diseases. By sharing this valuable information, the journal aims to enhance the diagnosis and management of patients in the future.
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