Effects of energy and amino acid intake during gestation on reproductive performance, milk composition, antioxidant status and placental nutrient transport in high-parity sows.
Liang Hu, Jie Zheng, Fali Wu, Zhengfeng Fang, Lianqiang Che, De Wu
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Abstract
Appropriate nutritional strategies show promise for enhancing productive performance and longevity of sows. This study aimed to determine the effects of increased energy and amino acids (AA) intake during gestation on reproductive performance, milk composition, blood parameters, placental nutrient transport and antioxidant capacity of high-parity sows. A total of 72 Landrace × Yorkshire sows (seventh to ninth parity) were randomly assigned to dietary treatments consisting of combinations of 2 energy levels and 2 AA levels in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Blood and milk samples and placentas from sows were collected to measure biochemistry parameters, milk composition, antioxidant indexes, and indicators related to nutrient transport. The results showed that sows fed high energy reduced the number of live born piglets (p < 0.05), increased the birth weight of piglets (p < 0.05). Further observation showed that sows fed high energy decreased plasma progesterone at 30 and 60 days of gestation and plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) at 90 days of gestation (p < 0.05), increased fat content in colostrum and average daily weight gain of piglets during lactation (p < 0.05). Moreover, high energy intake during gestation decreased mRNA expression of GPX and increased mRNA expression of glucose transporter 3 in the placenta (p < 0.05). High AA intake during gestation showed a tendency to increase litter birth weight and colostrum protein content (p < 0.10), and increased plasma urea nitrogen at day 110 of gestation and plasma T-SOD at day 90 of gestation (p < 0.05). Furthermore, sows fed high AA intake during gestation increased mRNA expressions of placental extracellular SOD and sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter 1 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, sows feed high energy during gestation negatively impacted fetal survival by reducing progesterone concentrations and antioxidant capacity, while simultaneously increasing piglet birth weight through enhanced placental nutrient transport. Moreover, sows received high AA during gestation exhibited better redox status and improved litter performance, which can be attributed to enhancements in antioxidant capacity and colostrum composition.
适当的营养策略有望提高母猪的生产性能和寿命。本试验旨在研究妊娠期增加能量和氨基酸（AA）摄入量对高胎母猪繁殖性能、乳成分、血液参数、胎盘营养物质运输和抗氧化能力的影响。试验采用2 × 2因子设计，选用72头长×大母猪（7 ~ 9胎），随机分为2个能量水平和2个AA水平的饲粮处理。采集母猪血液、乳汁和胎盘，测定其生化指标、乳成分、抗氧化指标和营养转运相关指标。结果表明，饲喂高能量母猪可显著降低仔猪的产仔数（p p p p p p p p）
期刊介绍：
Frontiers in Veterinary Science is a global, peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that bridges animal and human health, brings a comparative approach to medical and surgical challenges, and advances innovative biotechnology and therapy.
Veterinary research today is interdisciplinary, collaborative, and socially relevant, transforming how we understand and investigate animal health and disease. Fundamental research in emerging infectious diseases, predictive genomics, stem cell therapy, and translational modelling is grounded within the integrative social context of public and environmental health, wildlife conservation, novel biomarkers, societal well-being, and cutting-edge clinical practice and specialization. Frontiers in Veterinary Science brings a 21st-century approach—networked, collaborative, and Open Access—to communicate this progress and innovation to both the specialist and to the wider audience of readers in the field.
Frontiers in Veterinary Science publishes articles on outstanding discoveries across a wide spectrum of translational, foundational, and clinical research. The journal''s mission is to bring all relevant veterinary sciences together on a single platform with the goal of improving animal and human health.
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