"Unraveling the role of CHRNA6, the neuronal α6 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit".

Receptors (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-14 DOI:10.3390/receptors4010001
Yasamin Hajy Heydary, Emily M Castro, Shahrdad Lotfipour, Frances M Leslie
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Abstract

The increased prevalence of electronic cigarettes, particularly among adolescents, has escalated concerns about nicotine addiction. Nicotine, a potent psychostimulant found in tobacco products, exerts its effects by interacting with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the brain. Recent findings in both pre-clinical and clinical studies have enhanced our understanding of nAChRs, overcoming limitations of pharmacological tools that previously hindered their investigation. Of particular interest is the α6 subunit, whose expression peaks during adolescence, a critical period of brain development often marked by the initiation of substance use. Pre-clinical studies have linked α6-containing nAChRs (α6*nAChRs) to nicotine-induced locomotion, dopamine release, and self-administration behavior. Furthermore, clinical studies suggest an association between the α6 subunit and increased smoking behavior in humans. Specifically, a single nucleotide polymorphism in the 3' untranslated region of the CHRNA6 gene that encodes for this subunit is linked to smoking behavior and other substance use. A comprehensive understanding of this subunit's role in addiction is of high importance. This review aims to consolidate current knowledge regarding the α6 subunit's functions and implications in addiction and other disorders, with the hope of paving the way for future research and the development of targeted therapies to address this pressing public health concern.

“揭示神经元α6烟碱乙酰胆碱受体亚基CHRNA6的作用”。
电子烟的日益流行,尤其是在青少年中,加剧了人们对尼古丁成瘾的担忧。尼古丁是烟草制品中发现的一种强效精神兴奋剂,它通过与大脑中的尼古丁乙酰胆碱受体(nachr)相互作用来发挥作用。临床前和临床研究的最新发现增强了我们对nachr的理解,克服了以前阻碍其研究的药理学工具的局限性。特别有趣的是α6亚基,其表达在青春期达到顶峰,这是大脑发育的关键时期,通常以物质使用的开始为标志。临床前研究发现含有α6的nAChRs (α6*nAChRs)与尼古丁诱导的运动、多巴胺释放和自我给药行为有关。此外,临床研究表明α6亚基与人类吸烟行为增加有关。具体来说,编码该亚基的CHRNA6基因3'非翻译区域的单核苷酸多态性与吸烟行为和其他物质使用有关。全面了解这个亚基在成瘾中的作用是非常重要的。本综述旨在巩固目前关于α6亚基在成瘾和其他疾病中的功能和意义的知识,希望为未来的研究和靶向治疗的发展铺平道路,以解决这一紧迫的公共卫生问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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