[Artificial intelligence in assessment of individual risks of age-related macular degeneration progression].

Q3 Medicine
Yu Yusef, A A Plyukhova, N Yusef
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive degenerative retinal disease and a leading cause of blindness in older adults worldwide. According to numerous studies, the number of affected individuals reached 196 million in 2020, with projections estimating an increase to 288 million by 2040, including 18.6 million cases of advanced AMD. The advent of optical coherence tomography (OCT) has enabled researchers and clinicians to characterize microstructural changes in different retinal layers at earlier disease stages and improve monitoring strategies. Important steps have been taken to develop algorithms capable of recognizing early signs of AMD, assessing its severity, and predicting progression. These algorithms have formed the basis for artificial intelligence (AI)-driven systems applicable to any hardware or software exhibiting intelligent behavior. OCT imaging allows for the identification of biomarkers whose presence or interaction with other factors predict transition from intermediate to advanced AMD. The obtained data can provide deeper insights into the pathogenesis of intermediate AMD, enhance early diagnosis for timely intervention, and facilitate the search for new treatment options. Artificial intelligence could make this process easier, simpler, less time-consuming, and more accurate by integrating structural OCT data with genetic risk indicators and lifestyle characteristics. However, the results are still inconsistent due to factors leading to limited result reliability, such as database quality, sample sizes, and data acquisition methods.

[人工智能在年龄相关性黄斑变性进展个体风险评估中的应用]。
年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)是一种进行性退行性视网膜疾病,是全世界老年人失明的主要原因。根据大量研究,到2020年,受影响的个体数量达到1.96亿,预计到2040年将增加到2.88亿,其中包括1860万晚期AMD病例。光学相干断层扫描(OCT)的出现使研究人员和临床医生能够在疾病早期描述不同视网膜层的微观结构变化,并改进监测策略。在开发能够识别AMD早期症状、评估其严重程度和预测病情进展的算法方面,已经迈出了重要的一步。这些算法构成了人工智能(AI)驱动系统的基础,适用于任何表现出智能行为的硬件或软件。OCT成像允许识别生物标志物,其存在或与其他因素的相互作用可以预测从中度到晚期AMD的转变。获得的数据可以更深入地了解中期AMD的发病机制,增强早期诊断和及时干预,并促进寻找新的治疗方案。人工智能可以通过将结构OCT数据与遗传风险指标和生活方式特征相结合,使这一过程更容易、更简单、更省时、更准确。然而,由于数据库质量、样本量和数据采集方法等因素导致结果可靠性有限,结果仍然不一致。
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来源期刊
Vestnik oftalmologii
Vestnik oftalmologii Medicine-Ophthalmology
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
129
期刊介绍: The journal publishes materials on the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases, hygiene of vision, prevention of ophthalmic affections, history of Russian ophthalmology, organization of ophthalmological aid to the population, as well as the problems of special equipment. Original scientific articles and surveys on urgent problems of theory and practice of Russian and foreign ophthalmology are published. The journal contains book reviews on ophthalmology, information on the activities of ophthalmologists" scientific societies, chronicle of congresses and conferences.The journal is intended for ophthalmologists and scientific workers dealing with clinical problems of diseases of the eye and physiology of vision.
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