Advances in Neonatal Seizures (2024): An Update for Pediatricians.

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS

Indian pediatrics Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-15 DOI:10.1007/s13312-025-00050-4

Aman Elwadhi, Hemasree Kandraju, Suvasini Sharma

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: The diagnosis and management of seizures and epilepsy syndromes with onset in neonates has undergone several changes following the Internation League against Epilepsy (ILAE) guidelines. To update the Pediatricians regarding the recent advances, this update was planned.

Methods: Recently published revised guidelines for neonatal seizures (up to 2024) by ILAE were reviewed and synthesized.

Results: Video-EEG recording is considered gold standard for diagnosis, with less emphasis on clinical semiology. In resource limited settings, levels of diagnostic certainties may be used. One must be aware of the mandatory, alerts and exclusion criteria for various neonatal-onset epilepsy syndromes. Early neuroimaging facilitates diagnosis. Treatment primarily involves phenobarbitone (PHB) with other drugs to be used in certain special conditions, with universal early stoppage of drugs. Precision therapy is available for some metabolic and genetic etiologies.

Conclusions: EEG monitoring in high-risk neonates is the standard of care. PHB still remains the first choice. Early cessation of anti-seizure medications in acute symptomatic seizures is the norm.

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新生儿癫痫的进展（2024）：儿科医生的最新进展。

目的：根据国际抗癫痫联盟（ILAE）指南，新生儿发作和癫痫综合征的诊断和管理发生了一些变化。为了更新儿科医生的最新进展，计划进行此更新。方法：回顾和综合最近出版的新生儿癫痫发作（至2024年）的ILAE修订指南。结果：视频脑电图记录被认为是诊断的金标准，对临床符号学的重视程度较低。在资源有限的情况下，可以使用诊断确定性水平。人们必须了解各种新生儿癫痫综合征的强制性、警报和排除标准。早期神经影像学有助于诊断。治疗主要涉及苯巴比妥（PHB）与其他药物在某些特殊情况下使用，并普遍早期停药。精确治疗可用于一些代谢和遗传病因。结论：脑电图监测是高危新生儿的标准护理。PHB仍然是首选。早期停止抗癫痫药物在急性症状性癫痫发作是常态。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Indian pediatrics 医学-小儿科

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

8.70%

发文量

344

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： The general objective of Indian Pediatrics is "To promote the science and practice of Pediatrics." An important guiding principle has been the simultaneous need to inform, educate and entertain the target audience. The specific key objectives are: -To publish original, relevant, well researched peer reviewed articles on issues related to child health. -To provide continuing education to support informed clinical decisions and research. -To foster responsible and balanced debate on controversial issues that affect child health, including non-clinical areas such as medical education, ethics, law, environment and economics. -To achieve the highest level of ethical medical journalism and to produce a publication that is timely, credible and enjoyable to read.