Blunted cardiovascular responses in individuals with type 2 diabetes and hypertension during cold and heat exposure.

IF 3.2 3区 医学 Q2 PHYSIOLOGY
Frontiers in Physiology Pub Date : 2025-04-28 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fphys.2025.1558471
Mojdeh Rafieian, Erlend Hoftun Farbu, Anje Christina Höper, Rasmus Valtonen, Henna Hyrkäs-Palmu, Juha Perkiömäki, Craig Crandall, Jouni J K Jaakkola, Tiina Maria Ikäheimo
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Abstract

Introduction: The effect of type 2 diabetes (T2D) on indices of cardiovascular function during exposure to cold or hot environmental temperatures is not well known. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the effect of short-term whole-body cold and heat exposure on the cardiovascular responses in individuals with T2D.

Material and methods: 10 participants with T2D and hypertension (mean age 64 ± 4 years) and 10 controls (mean age 63 ± 5 years) underwent 90 min of whole-body exposure to cold (10°C; 10% relative humidity) and heat (40°C; 50% relative humidity) in a randomized sequence on differing days. Central and brachial blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and skin blood flow were measured before, during, and after the exposure.

Results: During cold exposure, subjects with T2D exhibited a smaller increase in central (14 (CI 95%:3, 23) vs. 43 (CI 95%:32, 53) mmHg, p < 0.05) and brachial systolic BP (12 (CI 95%:1, 22)) vs. 40 (CI 95%:30, 51) mmHg, p < 0.05) compared to controls. The corresponding reduction in HR in the cold was also less in T2D compared to controls (5 (CI 95%: 10, 0.02) vs. 9 (CI 95%: 14, -4) bpm, p < 0.05). Heat exposure reduced central and brachial BP similarly in both groups. However, the heat-related increase in HR was less pronounced in T2D subjects compared to controls (7 (CI 95%:1, 13) vs. 14 (CI 95%: 9, 19) bpm, p < 0.05). Finally, the magnitude of the increase in skin blood flow was less in the heat in T2D subjects (+210 (CI 95%: 41, 461) vs. +605 (CI 95%: 353, 855) PU, p < 0.05).

Discussion: T2D attenuated cardiovascular responses, such as BP and HR during short-term exposure to cold, and HR and skin blood flow during short-term exposure to heat. These observations suggest impaired capacity to respond to environmental temperature extremes in individuals with T2D.

2型糖尿病和高血压患者在低温和高温暴露时心血管反应钝化
2型糖尿病(T2D)暴露在寒冷或炎热环境温度下对心血管功能指标的影响尚不清楚。因此,我们研究的目的是评估短期全身冷热暴露对T2D患者心血管反应的影响。材料和方法:10名T2D合并高血压患者(平均年龄64±4岁)和10名对照组(平均年龄63±5岁)接受90分钟的全身低温暴露(10°C;10%相对湿度)和热量(40°C;50%相对湿度),在不同的日子随机排序。在暴露前、暴露期间和暴露后分别测量中央和肱血压(BP)、心率(HR)和皮肤血流量。结果:在冷暴露期间,T2D受试者的中央血压(14 (CI 95%: 3,23) vs. 43 (CI 95%: 32,53) mmHg, p < 0.05)和肱收缩压(12 (CI 95%: 1,22) vs. 40 (CI 95%:30, 51) mmHg, p < 0.05)较对照组增加较小。与对照组相比,T2D患者在低温下相应的HR降低也更少(5 (CI 95%: 10, 0.02)比9 (CI 95%: 14, -4) bpm, p < 0.05)。热暴露降低中央和肱血压在两组相似。然而,与对照组相比,热相关的心率增加在T2D受试者中不那么明显(7 (CI 95%: 1,13)比14 (CI 95%: 9,19) bpm, p < 0.05)。最后,T2D受试者在高温下皮肤血流量的增加幅度较小(+210 (CI 95%: 41,461) vs +605 (CI 95%: 353,855) PU, p < 0.05)。讨论:T2D减弱了心血管反应,如短期暴露于寒冷时的血压和心率,以及短期暴露于高温时的心率和皮肤血流量。这些观察结果表明,T2D患者对环境极端温度的反应能力受损。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
5.00%
发文量
2608
审稿时长
14 weeks
期刊介绍: Frontiers in Physiology is a leading journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research on the physiology of living systems, from the subcellular and molecular domains to the intact organism, and its interaction with the environment. Field Chief Editor George E. Billman at the Ohio State University Columbus is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.
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