Fluid resuscitation dilemma: anticipating massive blood loss in hysterectomy.

Abstract

Massive bleeding during obstetric surgeries, such as hysterectomy, is a significant cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. In such cases, fluid resuscitation is imperative. However, intraoperative guidelines and fluid requirements cannot be universally standardized to accommodate every patient, surgical procedure, or condition. The debate between restrictive and liberal fluid resuscitation during massive intraoperative bleeding has persisted for a long time. Both approaches have been associated with side effects that impact patient morbidity and mortality. Despite the fact that there have been extensive studies on fluid and hemodynamic optimization, results remain inconsistent due to the varying definitions of "restrictive" and "liberal" fluid management and the differing monitoring protocols across studies. The present study describes a case of a 28-year-old woman in her third pregnancy who was scheduled to undergo a cesarean section and hysterectomy due to placenta accreta. The patient experienced significant intraoperative bleeding, prompting the administration of substantial intravenous fluids and blood products to maintain hemodynamic stability. She was closely monitored for signs of fluid overload. The resuscitation efforts proved successful, and the patient was discharged without complications.