Epigenetics and CTCs: New biomarkers and impact on tumor biology.

3区 生物学 Q1 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Aliki Ntzifa, Evi Lianidou
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

DNA methylation is one of the best-known epigenetic markers and plays a critical role in the control of gene activity and the architecture of the nucleus of the cell. Epigenetic alterations and especially DNA methylation have a high potential to provide valuable and innovative cancer biomarkers. Liquid biopsy is a unique minimally invasive tool for the management of cancer patients based on the extraction of information through detailed molecular analysis of circulating genetic material in peripheral blood and allows us to characterize the evolution of a solid tumor in real time. DNA methylation in combination with liquid biopsy is very powerful when it comes to providing circulating epigenetic biomarkers of clinical importance. Numerous DNA methylation markers are now being tested in liquid biopsies as potential biomarkers in various types of cancer. DNA methylation is mostly being studied in ctDNA but there are also a small number of studies up to now performed in gDNA isolated from CTCs. A highly important dimension of the combination of liquid biopsy/DNA methylation analysis is its high potential for early cancer detection since alterations in DNA methylation in plasma can be detected very early during cancer pathogenesis. Methylated DNA, modified nucleosomes and noncoding RNAs can be used as blood circulating epigenetic biomarkers for real-time and minimally-invasive cancer monitoring. DNA methylation is very promising and powerful in providing novel biomarkers for improving cancer diagnostics, while another important dimension in this field is the use of DNA methylation inhibitors in cancer treatment. In this chapter we present the current findings on epigenetic alterations detected in CTCs in various types of cancer, and further discuss their potential as novel liquid biopsy-based DNA methylation biomarkers.

表观遗传学和CTCs:新的生物标志物及其对肿瘤生物学的影响。
DNA甲基化是最著名的表观遗传标记之一,在基因活性和细胞核结构的控制中起着关键作用。表观遗传改变,特别是DNA甲基化具有很高的潜力,可以提供有价值和创新的癌症生物标志物。液体活检是一种独特的微创癌症患者管理工具,通过对外周血循环遗传物质的详细分子分析提取信息,使我们能够实时表征实体肿瘤的演变。DNA甲基化结合液体活检在提供具有临床重要性的循环表观遗传生物标志物方面是非常强大的。许多DNA甲基化标记物现在正在液体活检中作为各种类型癌症的潜在生物标记物进行测试。DNA甲基化主要是在ctDNA中进行研究,但目前也有少量研究是在CTCs分离的gDNA中进行的。液体活检/DNA甲基化分析结合的一个非常重要的方面是其早期癌症检测的高潜力,因为血浆中DNA甲基化的改变可以在癌症发病的早期被检测到。甲基化DNA、修饰核小体和非编码rna可作为血液循环表观遗传生物标志物,用于实时和微创癌症监测。DNA甲基化在为改善癌症诊断提供新的生物标志物方面非常有前途和强大,而该领域的另一个重要方面是DNA甲基化抑制剂在癌症治疗中的应用。在本章中,我们介绍了目前在各种类型癌症的ctc中检测到的表观遗传改变的研究结果,并进一步讨论了它们作为新型液体活检DNA甲基化生物标志物的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
International review of cell and molecular biology
International review of cell and molecular biology BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY-CELL BIOLOGY
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
67
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology-both plant and animal. Articles address structure and control of gene expression, nucleocytoplasmic interactions, control of cell development and differentiation, and cell transformation and growth. Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for future research.
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