Exploring the infection strategy of Colletotrichum fructicola in pecan and two effectors Cf-ID1 and Cf-ID2 were characterized using unique molecular identifier-RNA sequencing technology.

IF 4.1 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Frontiers in Plant Science Pub Date : 2025-04-17 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.3389/fpls.2025.1551342
Long-Jiao Hu, Ji-Ping Xuan, Yang Li, Min Zhai, Guo-Ming Wang, Li-Na Deng, Zheng-Hai Mo
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum fructicola has widely occurred in pecan (Carya illinoinensis) in China, seriously affecting its fruit yield and quality. However, the details of the infection strategy of C. fructicola remain to be elucidated. In this study, unique molecular identifier-RNA sequencing (UMI RNA-seq) was used to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of C. fructicola and candidate effectors were predicted. Two candidate effectors were identified during the early infection stages of C. fructicola. There were 6,822 DEGs at three infection timepoints (6, 24, and 36 h post-inoculation), and these genes were involved in spore germination, nutrient uptake, detoxification, secretion of toxic substances (such as effectors and toxins), inhibition of the host's immune response, and protein post-translational modification, which participated in the pathogenic process of C. fructicola. Moreover, 191 candidate effectors were predicted and their expression trends were divided into five clusters. Two candidate effectors Cf-ID1 and Cf-ID2 were selected for functional validation, and they were demonstrated to trigger cell death and immune response in Nicotiana benthamiana. Cf-ID1 and Cf-ID2 are located in both cytoplasm and nucleus and could suppress the infection of C. fructicola by eliciting defense responses in N. benthamiana. This study provided valuable information for in-depth research on the pathogenesis of C. fructicola.

探讨核桃炭疽病(Colletotrichum fructicola)在山核桃中的侵染策略,并利用独特的分子标识- rna测序技术对两种效应物Cf-ID1和Cf-ID2进行了鉴定。
山核桃炭疽病在中国广泛发生,严重影响了山核桃的产量和品质。然而,果霉感染策略的细节仍有待阐明。本研究采用unique molecular identifier-RNA sequencing (UMI RNA-seq)技术分析了果霉的差异表达基因(DEGs),并对候选效应物进行了预测。两种候选效应物在果霉感染早期被鉴定出来。在接种后6、24和36 h三个感染时间点共检测到6822个deg基因,这些基因参与孢子萌发、营养摄取、解毒、有毒物质(如效应物和毒素)分泌、抑制宿主免疫反应、蛋白质翻译后修饰等过程,参与了果霉的致病过程。预测了191个候选效应子,并将其表达趋势划分为5个簇。两种候选效应物Cf-ID1和Cf-ID2被选中进行功能验证,它们被证明可以触发本烟的细胞死亡和免疫反应。Cf-ID1和Cf-ID2位于细胞质和细胞核中,可通过引起benthamiana的防御反应来抑制果蛾的感染。本研究为深入研究果霉的发病机制提供了有价值的信息。
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Plant Science
Frontiers in Plant Science PLANT SCIENCES-
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
14.30%
发文量
4844
审稿时长
14 weeks
期刊介绍: In an ever changing world, plant science is of the utmost importance for securing the future well-being of humankind. Plants provide oxygen, food, feed, fibers, and building materials. In addition, they are a diverse source of industrial and pharmaceutical chemicals. Plants are centrally important to the health of ecosystems, and their understanding is critical for learning how to manage and maintain a sustainable biosphere. Plant science is extremely interdisciplinary, reaching from agricultural science to paleobotany, and molecular physiology to ecology. It uses the latest developments in computer science, optics, molecular biology and genomics to address challenges in model systems, agricultural crops, and ecosystems. Plant science research inquires into the form, function, development, diversity, reproduction, evolution and uses of both higher and lower plants and their interactions with other organisms throughout the biosphere. Frontiers in Plant Science welcomes outstanding contributions in any field of plant science from basic to applied research, from organismal to molecular studies, from single plant analysis to studies of populations and whole ecosystems, and from molecular to biophysical to computational approaches. Frontiers in Plant Science publishes articles on the most outstanding discoveries across a wide research spectrum of Plant Science. The mission of Frontiers in Plant Science is to bring all relevant Plant Science areas together on a single platform.
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