Helal F Al-Harthi, Ioan Pet, Eman El-Dawy, Youssuf A Gherbawy
{"title":"Mycotoxicological and Antimicrobial Efficiency of <i>Curcuma longa</i>.","authors":"Helal F Al-Harthi, Ioan Pet, Eman El-Dawy, Youssuf A Gherbawy","doi":"10.1089/fpd.2024.0166","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Turmeric (<i>Curcuma longa</i>) is a spice widely used worldwide. It has been used in the treatment and prevention of diseases since ancient times. During harvesting and storage, turmeric is exposed to contamination by different fungi that are responsible for mycotoxins production. Mycobiota and mycotoxins associated with turmeric spices samples were screened in this study. <i>Aspergillus</i> was the dominant genus, it recorded with an average total counts of 4.76 log colony-forming unit/g, and appeared in all 40 tested samples. Molecular identification with internal transcribed spacer sequence was used to identify the species. The common species were <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> (with 80% frequency of occurrence) and <i>Aspergillus niger</i> (100%). Twelve and 20 samples were contaminated with total aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxins A (OTA) with concentrations 1.8-2.8 and 3.3-4.6 Parts Per Billioni (PPB), respectively. The search for suitable alternative antimicrobial drug resistance has increased, and this led researchers to explore the use of plant extract in the treatment of infections in both humans and animals. The antimicrobial activity of turmeric with two samples (sample no. 13 positive AFs and OTA, sample no. 2 with no toxins) on selected <i>Candida albicans</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> was evaluated. Different types of turmeric extracts were prepared using three solvents namely water, methanol, and ethanol using the disc diffusion method. The two tested turmeric samples extracts showed inhibition activity against all tested microorganisms. The zones of inhibition exhibited by extract of turmeric in methanol solvent from sample no. 13 against test organisms more effective and ranged from 10.6 to 15.4 mm. This is due to the confusion between antimicrobial activity of extract and its positively to mycotoxins content.</p>","PeriodicalId":12333,"journal":{"name":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Foodborne pathogens and disease","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2024.0166","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a spice widely used worldwide. It has been used in the treatment and prevention of diseases since ancient times. During harvesting and storage, turmeric is exposed to contamination by different fungi that are responsible for mycotoxins production. Mycobiota and mycotoxins associated with turmeric spices samples were screened in this study. Aspergillus was the dominant genus, it recorded with an average total counts of 4.76 log colony-forming unit/g, and appeared in all 40 tested samples. Molecular identification with internal transcribed spacer sequence was used to identify the species. The common species were Aspergillus flavus (with 80% frequency of occurrence) and Aspergillus niger (100%). Twelve and 20 samples were contaminated with total aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxins A (OTA) with concentrations 1.8-2.8 and 3.3-4.6 Parts Per Billioni (PPB), respectively. The search for suitable alternative antimicrobial drug resistance has increased, and this led researchers to explore the use of plant extract in the treatment of infections in both humans and animals. The antimicrobial activity of turmeric with two samples (sample no. 13 positive AFs and OTA, sample no. 2 with no toxins) on selected Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated. Different types of turmeric extracts were prepared using three solvents namely water, methanol, and ethanol using the disc diffusion method. The two tested turmeric samples extracts showed inhibition activity against all tested microorganisms. The zones of inhibition exhibited by extract of turmeric in methanol solvent from sample no. 13 against test organisms more effective and ranged from 10.6 to 15.4 mm. This is due to the confusion between antimicrobial activity of extract and its positively to mycotoxins content.
期刊介绍:
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease is one of the most inclusive scientific publications on the many disciplines that contribute to food safety. Spanning an array of issues from "farm-to-fork," the Journal bridges the gap between science and policy to reduce the burden of foodborne illness worldwide.
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease coverage includes:
Agroterrorism
Safety of organically grown and genetically modified foods
Emerging pathogens
Emergence of drug resistance
Methods and technology for rapid and accurate detection
Strategies to destroy or control foodborne pathogens
Novel strategies for the prevention and control of plant and animal diseases that impact food safety
Biosecurity issues and the implications of new regulatory guidelines
Impact of changing lifestyles and consumer demands on food safety.