Hepatitis B vaccination with HepB-CpG in people living with HIV: a narrative review.

IF 5.5 3区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

Expert Review of Vaccines Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-12 DOI:10.1080/14760584.2025.2502643

Kelvin McKoy, Stephanie Campbell, Patricia Novy, Robert S Janssen

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Abstract

Introduction: To eliminate hepatitis B virus (HBV) globally, a key focus is preventing new infections among high-risk individuals, including those with HIV. The widespread incidence of HBV and HIV leads to a high rate of coinfection. HIV compromises the immune system, significantly increasing the risk of chronic HBV infection, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and death from liver-related disease among coinfected individuals.

Areas covered: This review explores recent research on the two-dose HepB-CpG (HEPLISAV-B) vaccine, which is a potential solution to the challenge of suboptimal immune responses to three-dose HBV vaccines (HepB-alum) in people living with HIV (PLWH). We compare the immunogenicity and safety of HepB-CpG in both vaccine-naive and previously vaccinated nonresponding PLWH populations.

Expert opinion: Compared with three-dose HepB-alum vaccines, HepB-CpG offers a more convenient two-dose schedule, which could increase series completion rates. HepB-CpG might be more immunogenic in vaccine-naive and vaccine-experienced PLWH. Both attributes make HepB-CpG a possible future standard of care for adult HBV vaccination in PLWH.

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HIV感染者接种乙肝疫苗时使用HepB-CpG：一项叙述性综述

导论：为了在全球范围内消除乙型肝炎病毒（HBV），一个关键的重点是预防高危人群中的新感染，包括艾滋病毒感染者。乙型肝炎病毒和艾滋病毒的广泛发病率导致合并感染率很高。HIV损害免疫系统，显著增加慢性HBV感染、肝硬化、肝癌和合并感染个体因肝脏相关疾病死亡的风险。涵盖领域：本综述探讨了两剂乙肝- cpg （HEPLISAV-B）疫苗的最新研究，这是一种潜在的解决方案，可以解决HIV感染者（PLWH）对三剂乙肝疫苗（hepb -明矾）免疫反应不佳的挑战。我们比较了HepB-CpG在未接种疫苗和以前接种过无应答PLWH人群中的免疫原性和安全性。专家意见：与三剂hepb -明矾疫苗相比，HepB-CpG提供了更方便的两剂计划，可以提高系列完成率。HepB-CpG可能在未接种疫苗和已接种疫苗的PLWH中具有更高的免疫原性。这两种特性都使HepB-CpG可能成为PLWH成人HBV疫苗接种的未来护理标准。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Expert Review of Vaccines 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

9.10

自引率

3.20%

发文量

136

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Expert Review of Vaccines (ISSN 1476-0584) provides expert commentary on the development, application, and clinical effectiveness of new vaccines. Coverage includes vaccine technology, vaccine adjuvants, prophylactic vaccines, therapeutic vaccines, AIDS vaccines and vaccines for defence against bioterrorism. All articles are subject to rigorous peer-review. The vaccine field has been transformed by recent technological advances, but there remain many challenges in the delivery of cost-effective, safe vaccines. Expert Review of Vaccines facilitates decision making to drive forward this exciting field.