Evidence from HIV sequencing for blood-borne transmission in Africa.

IF 0.6 Q4 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Journal of Public Health in Africa Pub Date : 2025-04-30 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.4102/jphia.v16i1.715

David Gisselquist, Simon Collery

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The consensus view that heterosexual transmission dominates human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa survives side-by-side with surveys and studies reporting infections in children with HIV-negative mothers, in virgins, and in adolescents and adults who claim no possible sexual exposure to HIV.

Aim: In this scoping review, we aim to show what phylogenetic analyses of HIV sequences say about the possible contribution of blood-borne transmission to HIV epidemics.

Setting: The focus was on sub-Saharan Africa.

Method: The authors conducted a search on PubMed and other platforms for studies reporting phylogenetic analyses of HIV in blood samples collected from at least 100 infected adults through community-based surveys in sub-Saharan Africa. They focussed on identifying information pertinent to assessing blood-borne transmission.

Results: Sixteen reports met the search criteria and provided information to assess blood-borne transmission. In five studies, similar HIV sequences from (reported or assumed) household couples identified a likely heterosexual source for 0.3% - 7.5% of community adults with sequenced HIV. In 10 studies, a median of 43% of sequence pairs linked two people of the same sex. Two studies report clusters of recent infections too large to be easily explained by sexual transmission.

Conclusion: Evidence from sequencing agrees with much other evidence that blood-borne HIV transmission is not rare in sub-Saharan Africa. Evidence also allows that blood-borne transmission could be making a major contribution to Africa's HIV epidemics.

Contribution: Evidence of harm is sufficient to stimulate discussions about what more could be done to address this continuing problem.

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非洲血液传播艾滋病病毒测序的证据。

背景：在撒哈拉以南非洲，异性恋传播主导人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）流行的共识观点与报告艾滋病毒阴性母亲的儿童、处女以及声称没有可能性接触艾滋病毒的青少年和成人感染的调查和研究同时存在。目的：在这篇综述中，我们的目的是显示HIV序列的系统发育分析表明血液传播对HIV流行的可能贡献。环境：重点是撒哈拉以南非洲。方法：作者在PubMed和其他平台上进行了一项研究，这些研究报告了在撒哈拉以南非洲通过社区调查收集的至少100名感染成人的血液样本中HIV的系统发育分析。他们的重点是确定与评估血液传播有关的信息。结果：16份报告符合搜索标准，并提供了评估血源性传播的信息。在五项研究中，来自（报告的或假定的）家庭伴侣的相似HIV序列确定了0.3% - 7.5%的HIV测序社区成年人可能是异性源。在10项研究中，平均43%的序列对与两个同性的人有关。两项研究报告称，最近的感染聚集性大，很难用性传播来解释。结论：来自测序的证据与许多其他证据一致，即血液传播的艾滋病毒在撒哈拉以南非洲并不罕见。还有证据表明，血液传播可能是非洲艾滋病毒流行的主要原因。贡献：危害的证据足以激发关于如何进一步解决这一持续问题的讨论。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Public Health in Africa PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Public Health in Africa (JPHiA) is a peer-reviewed, academic journal that focuses on health issues in the African continent. The journal editors seek high quality original articles on public health related issues, reviews, comments and more. The aim of the journal is to move public health discourse from the background to the forefront. The success of Africa’s struggle against disease depends on public health approaches.