Giuseppe De Bernardo, Fabio Centanni, Marta Improta, Valeria Crisci, Maurizio Giordano, Giuseppe Buonocore, Serafina Perrone
{"title":"Effects of Breast Milk or Supplemented Formula Milk on Fecal Metabolomic Profile.","authors":"Giuseppe De Bernardo, Fabio Centanni, Marta Improta, Valeria Crisci, Maurizio Giordano, Giuseppe Buonocore, Serafina Perrone","doi":"10.2174/0115733963341570250422095946","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast milk is the best option for the nutritional needs of an infant. In situations where breastfeeding is contraindicated, donor human milk and formula milk are suggested as alternatives. This study highlights findings from two studies that evaluated how different dietary patterns (standard formula, post-biotic fermented formula, and breast milk) affected the intestinal microbiota and metabolome of late preterm and full-term infants. The metabolome of late preterm newborns showed a higher presence of metabolites-such as azelaic acid, N-acetylglucosamine-6- sulfate, and 13(S)-hydroperoxylinolenic acid-in those fed postbiotic-fermented formula, similar to breastfed full-term newborns. The fecal metabolites of breast milk and substitute feeding systems are comparable in these preliminary studies, confirming the effectiveness of formula preparations as breast milk substitutes. Furthermore, newborns fed with postbiotic-supplemented formula or breast milk had several similarities in fecal metabolites. The addition of postbiotics to formula milk appears to be more efficient than standard formula milk and is considered a better alternative to breast milk.</p>","PeriodicalId":11175,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Pediatric Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733963341570250422095946","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PEDIATRICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Breast milk is the best option for the nutritional needs of an infant. In situations where breastfeeding is contraindicated, donor human milk and formula milk are suggested as alternatives. This study highlights findings from two studies that evaluated how different dietary patterns (standard formula, post-biotic fermented formula, and breast milk) affected the intestinal microbiota and metabolome of late preterm and full-term infants. The metabolome of late preterm newborns showed a higher presence of metabolites-such as azelaic acid, N-acetylglucosamine-6- sulfate, and 13(S)-hydroperoxylinolenic acid-in those fed postbiotic-fermented formula, similar to breastfed full-term newborns. The fecal metabolites of breast milk and substitute feeding systems are comparable in these preliminary studies, confirming the effectiveness of formula preparations as breast milk substitutes. Furthermore, newborns fed with postbiotic-supplemented formula or breast milk had several similarities in fecal metabolites. The addition of postbiotics to formula milk appears to be more efficient than standard formula milk and is considered a better alternative to breast milk.
期刊介绍:
Current Pediatric Reviews publishes frontier reviews on all the latest advances in pediatric medicine. The journal’s aim is to publish the highest quality review articles dedicated to clinical research in the field. The journal is essential reading for all researchers and clinicians in pediatric medicine.