Usual Interstitial Pneumonia Pattern and Mycobacteria Lung Diseases: A Case Series.

IF 3.4 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Infectious Disease Reports Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI:10.3390/idr17020028

Maria Angela Licata, Giorgio Monteleone, Enrico Schiavi, Maria Musso, Paola Mencarini, Annelisa Mastrobattista, Serena Maria Carli, Carlotta Cerva, Giacomo Sgalla, Luca Richeldi, Fabrizio Palmieri, Gina Gualano

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Abstract

Background: Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of conditions that can cause fibrosis of the lung interstitium, resulting in respiratory failure and death. Patients with an ILD, particularly idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) or connective tissue disease-associated ILDs (CTD-ILDs), are prone to develop chronic pulmonary infections such as tuberculosis (TB) and non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD).

Methods: This case series examines the management of three ILD patients with a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern and concomitant NTM-PD or TB at National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Lazzaro Spallanzani" in Rome, Italy, over three years (2019-2022).

Results and conclusions: Multi-disciplinary discussion (MDD) was crucial to define the therapeutic approach due to the increased risk of side effects and drug interactions. Our work underscored how a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, enriched by MDD, is useful for optimizing the management and reducing drug-related adverse effects and interactions in ILD patients with cavitary lesions.

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典型间质性肺炎和分枝杆菌肺病：一个病例系列。

背景：间质性肺病（ILDs）是一组异质性疾病，可引起肺间质纤维化，导致呼吸衰竭和死亡。ILD患者，特别是特发性肺纤维化（IPF）或结缔组织病相关ILD (ctd -ILD)，容易发展为慢性肺部感染，如结核病（TB）和非结核性分枝杆菌肺病（NTM-PD）。方法：本病例系列研究了意大利罗马国家传染病研究所（Lazzaro Spallanzani）三年来（2019-2022年）对三名患有常见间质性肺炎（UIP）模式并伴有NTM-PD或结核病的ILD患者的治疗。结果和结论：由于副作用和药物相互作用的风险增加，多学科讨论（MDD）对确定治疗方法至关重要。我们的工作强调了一个全面的诊断评估，丰富了MDD，是如何有助于优化管理和减少药物相关的不良反应和相互作用的ILD患者空洞病变。

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