[Analysis of risk factors for severe postpartum hemorrhage during vaginal delivery of twin pregnancy].

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for severe postpartum hemorrhage (SPPH) during vaginal delivery of twin pregnancy. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from twin pregnancies ≥28 weeks' gestation undergoing vaginal delivery at Peking University Third Hospital between January 2016 and December 2023. The twin pregnant women were divided into the SPPH group (postpartum hemorrhage ≥1 000 ml within 24 hours) with 22 cases and the non-SPPH group with 171 cases. The differences between the two groups were compared and the risk factors for SPPH were analyzed. Results: (1) The incidence of SPPH during vaginal delivery in twin pregnancies was 11.4% (22/193). The causes of SPPH included 12 cases (54.5%, 12/22) of simple uterine atony, 4 cases (18.2%, 4/22) of uterine atony combined with vaginal lacerations after forceps delivery, and 6 cases (27.3%, 6/22) of uterine atony combined with placental factors. (2) The age and postpartum hospital stay in the SPPH group were significantly higher than those in the non-SPPH group (all P<0.05). Compared to the non-SPPH group, the proportion of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, accreta placenta implantation, and anemia in the SPPH group were significantly increased, and the birth weight of newborn 1st, the sum of the birth weights of two newborns, the duration of the second stage of labor, and the proportion of labor followed induction were also significantly increased (all P<0.05). (3) Multivariate analysis showed that age ≥38 years (OR=16.785, 95%CI: 2.679-105.166; P=0.003), the second stage of labor ≥90 minutes (OR=9.670, 95%CI: 2.532-36.930; P=0.001), hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (OR=5.945, 95%CI: 1.702-20.761; P=0.005), and anemia (OR=8.048, 95%CI: 2.086-31.049; P=0.002) were independent risk factors for SPPH in twin pregnancies during vaginal delivery. Conclusions: Anemia should be actively corrected during twin pregnancy. For twin pregnant women with advanced age, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, or other risk factors of SPPH, if vaginal delivery is chosen, attention should be paid to the management of labor duration, dynamic assessment of the risk of postpartum hemorrhage, and proactive measures should be taken to ensure a smooth vaginal delivery and effectively reduce the incidence of SPPH.