Exosome-based immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
Hong Liu, GuoWei Wang, ZhaoYi Li, XianTu Zhang, WeiDong Zhang, Xia Zhang, Fang Liu, Jing Gao
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant global health concern and ranks as the third leading cause of cancer-associated mortality. Systemic therapy faces the emergence of resistance, which hinders the clinical benefits. Recent evidence suggests that exosomes, measuring between 30 and 150 nm in size, which impact the antitumor immune responses, making them a promising candidate for cancer immunotherapy. Owing to their unique physical and chemical characteristics, exosomes can be tailored and engineered for a range of therapeutic objectives. In the present review, we outline the immunomodulatory functions of exosomes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of HCC, aiming to decipher the underlying mechanisms of exosomes in remodeling suppressive TME. Moreover, we provide detailed and intuitive resource for leveraging the potential of exosomes in immunotherapy, presenting valuable strategies to improve and optimize HCC treatment. Despite the huge therapeutic potential of exosomes, significant challenges persist, including the need for standardization in exosome production, optimization of cargo loading techniques, and the assurance of safety and effectiveness in clinical applications. Addressing these challenges may pave the way for exosome-based immunotherapy for HCC patients.

基于外泌体的肝细胞癌免疫治疗。
肝细胞癌(HCC)是一个重要的全球健康问题,是癌症相关死亡的第三大原因。全身治疗面临耐药性的出现,阻碍了临床获益。最近的证据表明,外泌体的大小在30到150纳米之间,影响抗肿瘤免疫反应,使它们成为癌症免疫治疗的有希望的候选者。由于其独特的物理和化学特性,外泌体可以为一系列治疗目标量身定制和设计。在本综述中,我们概述了外泌体在HCC肿瘤微环境(TME)中的免疫调节功能,旨在揭示外泌体在重塑抑制TME中的潜在机制。此外,我们为利用外泌体在免疫治疗中的潜力提供了详细和直观的资源,提出了改善和优化HCC治疗的有价值的策略。尽管外泌体具有巨大的治疗潜力,但仍存在重大挑战,包括外泌体生产标准化的需要,优化装载技术,以及确保临床应用的安全性和有效性。解决这些挑战可能为HCC患者的外泌体免疫治疗铺平道路。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Clinical and Experimental Medicine
Clinical and Experimental Medicine 医学-医学:研究与实验
CiteScore
4.80
自引率
2.20%
发文量
159
审稿时长
2.5 months
期刊介绍: Clinical and Experimental Medicine (CEM) is a multidisciplinary journal that aims to be a forum of scientific excellence and information exchange in relation to the basic and clinical features of the following fields: hematology, onco-hematology, oncology, virology, immunology, and rheumatology. The journal publishes reviews and editorials, experimental and preclinical studies, translational research, prospectively designed clinical trials, and epidemiological studies. Papers containing new clinical or experimental data that are likely to contribute to changes in clinical practice or the way in which a disease is thought about will be given priority due to their immediate importance. Case reports will be accepted on an exceptional basis only, and their submission is discouraged. The major criteria for publication are clarity, scientific soundness, and advances in knowledge. In compliance with the overwhelmingly prevailing request by the international scientific community, and with respect for eco-compatibility issues, CEM is now published exclusively online.
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